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Chapter 29
..nasty.
39
Biology
10th Grade
03/01/2011

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Term
phylum Porifera:
Definition
pore bearing animal; sponge.
Term
phylum Cnidaria:
Definition
animals have stinging cells; jellyfish, coral, sea anemone, hydra.
Term
phylum Playthelminthes:
Definition
flatworms; planaria, fluke, tapeworm.
Term
phylum Nematoda:
Definition
round worms; hookworms, ascaris
Term
phylum Annelida:
Definition
segmented worms; earthworms, leech.
Term
phylum Mollusca:
Definition
soft bodied animals;
gastropod(stomach)- snails, slugs.
cephalopod(head)-octopus, squid, nautilus.
bivalvia(2part)- clam, oyster, scallop, mussel.
Term
phylum Arthropoda:
Definition
jointed appendages; insects, spiders, crayfish, lobster.
Term
phylum Echinodermata:
Definition
spiny skin; starfish, brittle star, sea urchin, sea cucumber, sand dollar.
Term
What are the 3 types of skeletal systems?
Definition
hydrostatic, exoskeletons, endoskeletons.
Term
Muscles surround a fluid-filled cavity; changes shapes by fluid moving in body.
Definition
Hydroskeleton.
Term
Whats an exoskeleton?
Definition
a hard body covering made of chitin.
Term
Do invertebrates reproudce sexually or asexually?
Definition
sexually; but they can produce asexually.
Term
What's external fertalization?
Definition
Eggs are fertalized outside of the body.
Term
What's internal fertalization?
Definition
eggs are fertalized inside the body.
Term
Asymmetrical Symmetry-
Definition
No distinct arrangement of body parts; sponge.
Term
Radial Symmetry-
Definition
body parts radiate from one central point; Echinodermata, Cnidaria.
Term
Bilateral Symmetry-
Definition
Divide organism in a sing spot &get a mirror image; Mollusca, Worms, Arthrapods,
Term
Intracellular vs. Extracellular digestion-
Definition
intracellular is inside the cell (foodvacuole); sponges, cnidaria.
extracellular is outside the cell but still in an organ; Mollusca, Annelida, Arthropods, Echinodermata.
Term
Incomplete vs. Complete digestive system:
Definition
Incomplete you only have one hole; Cnidarians and flatworms have it.
Complete is when you have 2 holesl everything BUT incomplete.
Sponges don't have any.
Term
Advanced Organs-
Definition
Carry out specific parts of digestion; flatworms, annalieds, mulloscs, arthrapods.
Term
What does the circulatory system do?
Definition
Carries oxygen, water, nutrients to the cells, &removes waste products.
Term
Defusion:
Definition
materials defuse across the cell membrane with no blood carrying it;
Term
Open circulatory system:
Definition
blood is not carried within a vessel to every tissue layer. Has a heart &pumps blood into arterys; arthrapods, molluscs.
Term
Closed circulatory system-
Definition
blood stays within vessels as its carried to tissue layers, has a heart; annaelids.
Term
Excretory System:
Definition
removes nitrogen waste products produced when you digest protiens. Invertbrates turn it into uric acid or to ammoneia.
Term
Defusion(excretory system):
Definition
nitrogen moves across cell membrane; sponges, cnidarians, round worms.
Term
Flamecells:
Definition
collect nitrogen waste, the cells are connected to tubes and deposit waste outside the body; flatworms
Term
Malpighian Tubule:
Definition
wrap around digestive tract, collect waste and goes into digestive system; arthropods.
Term
Nephridia-
Definition
Coiled tubes that collect waste; annaelids, some molluscs.
Term
Kidneys:
Definition
ex; clams, oysters,
Term
2 Things wanted for respiration:
Definition
Large amount of surface area & mechanisim to keep surface area moist
Term
2 Main structures used for respiration:
Definition
Gills; Some Arthropods, some Molluscs, some Anaelids. Across the skin; Worms, cnidarians, sponges, and some molluscs.
Term
What lungs do spiders have?
Definition
book lungs.
Term
What two organs do insects have?
Definition
tracheal tubes, spiracles.
Term
Centralization:
Definition
nerve cells are concentrated; cnidarians&flatworms.
Term
Cephalization:
Definition
concentration of nerves in the anterior part of the body; any animal with bilateral symmetry.
Term
Specialization:
Definition
special sensory organs (eyes); planaria, molluscs, arthropods.
Term
4 Surface areas for bilateral symmetry:
Definition
anterior, posterior, dorsal, ventral.
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