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| Anything that occupies spaces and has mass. |
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Substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions.
92 naturally occuring elements.
Examples: carbon, oxygen, gold |
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A substannce containing two or more elements in a fixed ratio.
Examples: table salt and water |
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| Smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. |
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| Subatomic particle with a single unit of positive electrical charge (+). |
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| Subatomic particle with a single negative charge (-). One or more electrons move around the nucleus of an atom. |
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| An electrically neutral particle (having no electrical charge), found in the nucleus of an atom. |
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| An atoms central core, containing protons and nutrons |
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| The number of protons in each atom of a particular element. |
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| A measure of the amount of material in an object. |
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| The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus. |
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| A variant form of an atom. Have the same number of protons and electrons, but different numbers of neutrons (so the mass is different). |
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| An attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer-shell electrons or the presence of oppisite charges on the atoms. |
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| An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, thus aquiring an electrical charge. |
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An attraction between two ions with opposite electrical charges. The electrical attraction of the oppisite charges holds the ions together.
(Transfers/moves electrons) |
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An attraction between atoms that share one or more pairs of outer-shell electrons.
Strongest bond. |
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| A group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. |
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| A molecule containing an uneven distribution of charge due to the presence of polar covalent bonds (bonds having opposite charges on opposite ends). |
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| A type of weak chemical bond formed when a partially positive hydrogen atom from a polar molecule is attracted to the partially negative atom in another molecule (or in another part of the same molecule). |
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| A process leading to chemical changes in matter, involving the making and/or breaking of chemical bonds. |
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| The starting materials in a chemical reaction. |
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| The end result of the chemical reaction. |
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| Tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together. |
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| The amount of energy associated with the movement of the atoms and molecules in a body of matter. |
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| Measures the intensity of heat. |
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| When a substance evaporates (changes physical state from a liquid to a gas). |
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| A liquid consisting of a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. |
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| The dissolving agent used in a solution. |
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| Any substance that is dissolved to form a solution. |
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| The resulting solution when water is the solvent. |
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| Water's Life-Supporting Properties |
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Definition
- cohesive nature
- ability to moderate temperate
- biological significance of ice floating
- versatility of water as a solvent
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| A checmical compound that releases H+ to a solution. |
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| A compound that accepts H+ and removes them from solution. |
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| Used by chemists to describe the acidity of a solution. |
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| Substances that minimize changes in pH by accepting H+ when that ion is in excess and donating H+ when it is depleted. |
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