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Term
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•Group Ho Chi Minh organized to fight for Vietnamese independence |
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| Which US president used the "domino theory" to justify continuous aid to France in Vietnam? |
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Dwight Eisenhower
-this was said to be a new aspect of the containment policy |
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Geneva Accords
(division) |
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| temporarily divided Vietnam at the 17th parallel |
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Vietcong
aka "national liberation front" |
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Definition
| a communist group in South Vietnam. opposed Diem and in favor of reunifying Vietnam under 1 communist government |
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trail from NV to SV going right through Laos and Cambodia is how North Vietnam got supplies to their allies in the South
*worker repaired the road as soon as US bombed them |
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anti communist leader of SV.
he cancelled the elections fearing that they would result in a victory for Ho Chi Minh
-US responded by assassinating him and his brother b/c his corruupt and unpopular regime was unable to deal with the insurgency that grew in the South after Diem refused to conduct the elections in 1956 which had been called for by the Geneva Accords |
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| Background of the conflict |
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Definition
The US destroyer Maddox was on a Secret Mission and reported being fired on by NV torpedo boats.
LBJ was looking for any reason to retaliate off the communist so he claimed unprovoked aggression and ordered air strikes against NV torpedo bases and oil storage depots this led to the Tonkin Gulf Resolution |
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| Gave LBJ authority to repel any armed attack against the forces of the US and to prevent further apprehension in Vietnam by "all necessary measures" |
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Working Class War
*Selective Service System* |
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Definition
| allowed draft deferral that favored middle class and helped make Vietnam a working class war |
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Term
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Definition
| term given to those who opposed the war |
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Term
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| term given to those who supported the war |
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Definition
| working class that supported the war |
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| How did LBJ end up being attacked by those supporting the war as well as those opposing it? |
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Definition
| Doves attacked him for not withdrawing from the war and Hawks for not doing more to win the war |
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Term
| What could help you avoid the army draft? |
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Definition
- college
- medical problems
- join the national gaurd or coast gaurd
- Vietnam became a working class war. A draft lottery system attempted to address the fact that blacks were over represented in the army during vietnam.
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Term
students for democracy society
SDS |
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Definition
(grass roots movement)
charged that corporations and large govmnt institutions had taken over america and in their Port Huron Statement they demanded restoration of "participatory democracy" and greater individual systems |
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Term
| Khe Sanh and the Tet Offesnsive |
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Definition
•KheSanh was a North Vietnamese trick to draw American forces near border between North and South Vietnam (to draw them to the 17th parallel).
•The Viet Cong would then attack sites across South Vietnam, including the American embassy in Saigon.
•Overall a victory for Americans, but had the effect of turning the American public against the war and added to “Credibility Gap” |
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Term
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Definition
•The TET offensive lasted nearly a month. Although the US eventually gained the upper hand, the TET offensive shook the American public’s belief that the enemy was close to defeat (Credibility Gap).
*was The Turning Point in 1968 b/c the US eventually gained the upper hand |
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Term
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Definition
| LBJ's military advisors. told Lbj that the war was unwinnable. The best option was disengagement |
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-General William Westmoreland
-Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) |
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Definition
-THE American commander in Vietnam
-The American Commander in Vietnam did not think highly of their fighting abilities
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| What was America's goal in Vietnam? |
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Definition
| our goal was not to win the war, but to prevent the North V. and Vietcong from winning and to force a truce. in order to do this, we would need to maintain a military presence for an extended period of time |
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•used to expose the tunnels and hideouts of the Vietcong.
often wounded villagers and left villages in ruin |
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Definition
a defoliant used to destroy the jungle. These often wounded villagers and left villages in ruins. |
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Term
| How did the war affect Amer's economy and LBJ's Great Society? |
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Definition
•The inflation rate nearly tripled and cuts would occur in Great Society programs. Tax increases also were used to pay for war and domestic programs. |
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Term
1968 Turning Point
(more so for the homefront) |
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Definition
after announcing a desire to seek peace talks and end bombing in Vietnam, LBJ announced that he would not seek reelection as president and dropped out of the race
*he had become overwhelm with the war and challenges from his party |
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Pentagon Papers
*credibility gap |
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Definition
A report commissioned by LBJ’s Secretary of War compiles records that show that the country’s leaders had planed to expand the war even while they claimed to be looking for a way out. Leaked to New York Times .
Embarrasses LBJ, but enrages Nixon.
a.documents that exposed government’s dishonesty (credibility gap) regarding the Vietnam War (TV showed a different war than the federal govt portrayed)
b.showed that US leaders were planning to expand the war even though they had claimed to be trying to find a way out of Vietnam
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An invasion of Cambodia to clear out N. Vietnamese and Vietcong supply bases led to student protests nationwide
4 dead at Kent State in OH and
2 at Jackson State in MS |
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(implemented by Nixon)
*withdrawing troops and trainging the SV to fight, so they could fight their own war. (replacing our troops with the ARVA)
"By the time we leave they'll be fighting like us" |
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Nixon Doctrine
(or strategy to end the war) |
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Definition
Responded to antiwar protesters by reducing the role of US ground forces in Vietnam and replacing them with ARVA…a.k.aVietnamization - Claimed it would be “peace with honor”
often destroyed entire villages and farms, killed thousands of civilians, trying to destroy think jungle to get to the enemy guerilla forces |
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End of the Vietnam War
(how did it end?) |
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Definition
•On April 30th, 1975 when North Vietnamese troops rolled into Saigon and captured the city (gaining control of South V.)
*the last Amer. combat troops left Vietnam March 1973 |
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Term
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Definition
| passed in 1973 by congress, this act reduced the power of the president to wage war |
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