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Chapter 26
Reproduction and Development
56
Biology
Undergraduate 2
11/15/2011

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Term
Reproduction
Definition
The creation of new individuals from exsiting ones
Term
Asexsual Reproduction
Definition
The creation of offspring that are genetically indentical to a lone parent
Term
Budding
Definition
The out growth and ecentual spliting off of a new individual from a parent
Term
Fission
Definition
The seperation off a parent intow two or more offspring of about equal size
Term
Sexual Reproduction
Definition
Creation of offspring by the fusion of two haploid sex cells called gametes
Term
Gametes
Definition
Haploid sex cells
Term
Zygote
Definition
Two gametes fusin together to from a diploid cell
Term
Sperm
Definition
The male sex gamete
Term
Eggs
Definition
The female sex gamete
Term
Hermaphordite
Definition
has both male and female reproduction systems
Term
Gonads
Definition
THe organs that produce gametes
Term
Penis
Definition
Contains erectile tissue that fills with blood and cause a erection during sexual arousal
Term
Prepuce
Definition
Foreskin that covers the glands
Term
Testes
Definition
The male gonads
Term
Scrotum
Definition
A pouch of skin outside the abdomen that houses a testis, the scrotum function in cooling the sperm, thereby keeping them vialbe
Term
Ejaculation
Definition
The expulsion of sperm-containing fluid from the penis
Term
Vas Deferens
Definition
The duct that the sperm travels through during ejaculation
Term
Seminal Vesicles and Prostate Gland
Definition
Add fluid that nourishes the sperm and provides protection from natural acidity of the vagina
Term
Semen
Definition
The sperm-containing fluid that is ejaculated by the male during an orgasim
Term
Vulva
Definition
The outer features of the femail reproduction anatomy
Term
Vagina
Definition
Birth canal
Term
Labia Majora
Definition
protects the eniter genital region
Term
Labia Minora
Definition
Borders the openings
Term
Hymen
Definition
A thin membrane
Term
Clitoris
Definition
An organ that engorges with blood and becomes erect during sexual arousal
Term
Ovaries
Definition
Site of production of the gametes in the female reproduction system
Term
Follicles
Definition
Protects and mourishes a developing egg in th ovaries
Term
Ovulation
Definition
The process of when the egg is ejected from the follicles
Term
Corpus Luteum
Definition
The process of the follices grow to form a solid hard mass
Term
Uterus
Definition
The acutally site of pregnancy
Term
Endometrium
Definition
The Uterus has a thick muscular wall lined with a blood rich layer of tissue
Term
embryo
Definition
Used for the stage in development from the first division of the zygote until body sturctures begin to appear
Term
Fetus
Definition
What the developin human is called fromt he ninth week until birth
Term
Cervix
Definition
The narrow neck at the bottom of the uterus
Term
Gametogenesis
Definition
The production of Gametes
Term
Spermatogenesis
Definition
The production of sperm
Term
Reproductive Cycle
Definition
a recurring process that produces gametes, makes them avaliable for fertialization and prepares the body for pregnancy
Term
Ovarian Cycle
Definition
Controls the growth and release of an egg.
Term
Menstrual Cycle
Definition
The uterus is prepeared for possible implantation of an embryo
Term
Menstruation
Definition
Is the uterine bleeding caused by the vreakdown of the endometrium, the blood-rich inner lining of the uterus
Term
Contaception
Definition
is the deliberate prevenntion of pregnancy
Term
Tubal Ligation
Definition
Gettin your tubes tide (female)
Term
Vasectomy
Definition
cuts sections out of each vas deferens to prevent the sperm from reaching the urethra
Term
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Definition
contagious diseases spread by sexual contact
Term
Fertilization
Definition
The union of sperm and egg to form a zygote
Term
Clevage
Definition
A series of rapid cell divisions that producesa multicellular ball
Term
Induction
Definition
The mechanism by which one group of cells influences the development of an adjacent froupr of cells
Term
Programmed Death
Definition
Kills selected cells
Term
Gestation
Definition
Is the carrying of developing young within the female reproductive tract
Term
Placenta
Definition
The organ that provides nourishment and oxygen to the embryo and helps disppose of metabolic waste
Term
Amnion
Definition
Is a fluid-filled sac that encloses and protcts the embryo
Term
Yolk Sac
Definition
Produces the embryo's first blood cells and its first gamete-forming part of the umbilical cord
Term
Unbilical Cord
Definition
The life-line between the embryo and the placenta
Term
Chorion
Definition
The outer most membrane
Term
Chorionic Villi
Definition
Finger-like outgrowth containing embruonic blood vessels of the mother's endometrium
Term
Labor
Definition
A series of strong contractions of the uterus
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