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Chapter 2
Culture
32
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
01/29/2011

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
culture
Definition
ways of thinking, acting, and material objects that form a ppl's way of life
Term
society
Definition
people who interact in a defined territory & share a culture
Term
culture shock
Definition
personal disorientation when experiencing an unfamilar way of life
Term
symbol
Definition
carries a particular meaning recognized by ppl who share a culture
Term
language
Definition
system of symbols that allows ppl to communicate w/ eachother
Term
cultural transmission
Definition
process by which one generation passes culture to the next
Term
Sapir-Whorf thesis
Definition
ppl see and understand the world thru the cultural lens of language
Term
values
Definition
culturally defined standards that ppl use to decide what is desirable, good, and beautiful that serves as broad guidlines for social living
Term
beliefs
Definition
specific ideas that ppl hold to be true
Term
norms
Definition
rules and expectations by wich a society guides the beh of its members
Term
mores
Definition
norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance
Term
folkways
Definition

norms for routine or casual interactions

(etiquette)

Term
technology
Definition
knowledge that ppl use to make a way of life in their society
Term
hunting and gathering
Definition
the use of simple tool to hunt animals & gather vegitation for food
Term
horticulture
Definition
the use of hand tools to raise crops
Term
pastoralism
Definition
the domestication of animals
Term
agriculture
Definition
large-scale cultivation using plows harnessed to animals or more powerful energy sources
Term
industry
Definition
production of goods using advanced sources of energy to drive large machinary
Term
postindustrialism
Definition
the production of information w/ computer technology
Term
high culture
Definition
cultural patterns that distinguish society's elite
Term
popular culture
Definition
cultural patterns that are widespread among a society's population
Term
subculture
Definition

cultural patterns that set apart some segment of a society's population

 

EX: Yankees & beach crowd

Term
multiculturalism
Definition
perspective recognizing the cultural diversity of the U.S. and promoting = standing for all cultural traditions
Term
Eurocentrism
Definition
the dominence of European cultural patterns
Term
Afrocentrism
Definition
emphasizing and promoting Afro culture patterns
Term
counterculture
Definition
cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted w/in our society
Term
cultural integration
Definition
the close relationship amoung various elements of a cultural system
Term
cultural lag
Definition
fact that some cultural elements change more quickly than others, disrupting a cultural system
Term
ethnocentrism
Definition
 the practice of judging another culture by the standards of ones own culture
Term
cultural relativism
Definition
the practice of judging a culture by its own standards
Term
cultural universals
Definition
traits that are a part of every know culture
Term
sociobiology
Definition
a theoretorical approach that explores was in which human biology affects how we create culture
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