Term
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Definition
| - A water soluble molecule made up of protein and lipid which allows for transport in the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Formed in the mucosal cells of the Small Intestine, which transports dietary lipids to hepatocytes and adipocytes. |
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Term
| Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) |
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Definition
| - Formed in hepatocytes. Have a low protein content. A key function of VLDLs is to transport triglycerides to adipocytes for storage, and to muscle for ATP production. Become LDLs after depositing TG in adipocytes. |
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Term
| Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) |
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Definition
- These are approx. 50% cholesterol. These deliver cholesterol and other lipids to body cells (for cell membrane repair, hormone production, bile salts production.
- Excess LDLs are deposited in arteries forming atherosclerotic plaques.
- Known as "bad cholesterol". |
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Term
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) |
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Definition
- Have a high protein content. These remove excess cholesterol from cells then transport it to the Liver.
- Known as "good cholesterol". |
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Term
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Definition
- A group of disorders associated with the ability to produce or use Insulin.
- Leads to high blood glucose, and possibly glucosuria.
- Causes Polyuria, Polydipsia and Polyphagia.
- With no Insulin to get glucose into cells, the cells rely on beta oxidation for energy.
- Ketosis follows which leads to ketoacidosis of the blood (lowered pH). |
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Term
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Definition
- A group of disorders associated with the ability to produce or use Insulin.
- Leads to high blood glucose, and possibly glucosuria.
- Causes Polyuria, Polydipsia and Polyphagia.
- With no Insulin to get glucose into cells, the cells rely on beta oxidation for energy.
- Ketosis follows which leads to ketoacidosis of the blood (lowered pH). |
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Term
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Definition
- The breakdown of Triglycerides into fatty acids and cholesterol.
- Glycerol is incorporated into glycolysis. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Occurs in the matrix of the Mitochondria, two carbons are removed at a time then attached to Coenzyme A to form Acetyl CoA. This is fed into the Krebs cycle. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Increased ketone bodies in the blood, caused by excessive beta oxidation. |
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