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anybody who was outside of christian humanism
(worships something different than said person) |
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| introduced Greek philosophy; The most influential classical Roman scholar of the Renaissance. His works were praised by Renaissance fathers such as Petrarch. |
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city in germany
formed northmost frontier of the holy roman empire |
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| said humans could directly communicate with god |
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| commissioned Michaelangelo to paint the Sistine CHapel |
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| non expert in given field of knowledge |
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| religious hood approved by the pope; lived in communities and took no vows |
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| Strong lords began to assert their control over vast territories which evolved into modern nation states. Infleunced every aspect of society. |
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| ruling family of England after War of Roses |
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| first king of the tudors, ruled England passed laws against livery and maintenance |
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| practice of great lords maintaining their own private armies |
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| where royal council of Henry VII would meet; decorated with stars |
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| seperate states of a nation can exercise political freedom |
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| monarchs who wanted to control everything in their kingdoms (churchs..) |
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| name referring to customs of the catholic church |
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| said substance of bread and wine is the body and blood of christ |
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| assembly of states of the HRE took place in Worms on the Rhine River |
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| defensive alliance of Lutheran princes within HRE |
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| Between ferdinand who ended religious struggle between christians and protestants |
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| doctrine of calvanism says God pre-chooses whether or not you'll go to heaven |
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| members of Protestanism, reformed the church of FRANCE |
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| considered to be the founder of presbyterianism in scotland |
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| branch of christianity (reformed of western christianity) |
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14th-15th century in Florentine, studied ruins in Rome
first to make large free standing statues |
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16th century
ultimate renaissance man
(mona lisa, last supper)
perspective painter |
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| italian painter, sculptor, musician, goldsmith |
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| also called the Bohemian Wars involved the military actions against and amongst the followers of Jan Hus in Bohemia in the period 1420 to circa 1434. The Hussite Wars were arguably the first European war in which hand-held gunpowder weapons such as muskets made a decisive contribution. |
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16th century most talented artist of the renaissance
taught by lorenzo the magnificant
sistine chapel by pope julius ii |
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| called the Council of Trent to aggresively respond to the Protestant Reformation |
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| called in 1870, summoned by Pope Pius IX to confirm position and powers of the pope |
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16th century, taught by Leonardo and Michelangelo
transformed Pope JUlius II library into hall of fame
painted school of athens |
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| theological doctrine atempting to describe the nature of christians |
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| Institutes of the Christian Religion |
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| john calvins work on the protestant faith |
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| French Protestant, creater of calvinism and predestination |
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of the Medici Family
built St. Peter's Basilica
excommunicated Luther |
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| german preacher infamous for selling indulgences |
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King of Austria
Holy Roman Emperor
grandson of Maximillian I
heir of Hapsburgs, Valois, Castile and Aragon. |
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first hapsburg to rule all of the holy roman empire
(archduke of Austria) |
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| like a parliament where states represent themselves |
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line of families from which Charles of Valois was from
successors of the Capets |
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represented franches new monarchy
built a royal army
subdued rebellious nobles, suppressed brigands |
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| exclusive right to have complete control over an area of government or people |
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| Handbook of a Christian Knight |
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| written by Erasmus; sowed how a man could take part in worldy affairs while remaining a devout Christian |
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written by Erasmus
about corruption in churches |
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of rotterdam
wrote in latin style
studied classical writers
authority of North Renaissance Movements |
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instillation of qualities such as;
humility
tolerance
reverance
love
conciousness |
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copied ancient works
first humanist |
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| peasants uprising of french person against the french nobility |
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turks; people living under rule of the turkish dynasty
ottoman empire |
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1337 1453
between England and France for the throne |
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petrarch
dante
giotto
machiavelli |
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| described time in Avignon by the Pope |
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| in roman catholic theology, is the full remission of punishment to get sins forgiven |
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| 1294-1303 wrote Unam Sanctum asserted rights against King Phillip of France |
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| successful in resolving the Great Shcism of the West 1414-1418; responsible for the execution of Jan Hus |
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tried to end the Great Schism in 1409
resulted in three popes |
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| 1302-1378 referred to as Avignon papacy; 7 different popes resided until moved back to Rome |
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by Pope Boniface VIII "outside the church is no salvation nor remission of sins"
aka catholic church is the only way to go |
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3 popes claimed to be pope
1. Pope Urban VI
2. Pope Clement VII
3. Pope Alexander V |
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| "rebirth of Greece and Rome" |
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| his election ended the Great Schism of the West |
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1455-1487
civil war in england etween houses of lancaster and york
tudors become victorious |
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| Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges |
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issued by King Charles Vii of France
required church council superior to the pope |
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| 1542; revival of medieval tribunal to detect and repress heresey |
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| 1480; to get rid of Jews and Muslims in Spain |
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| run by Elizabeth to fight off Catholics, various high ranking executive positions |
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1267-1337; 1st renaissance painter created with illusion of depth
showed realistic emotions |
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| used to restraint the papacy power |
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| Index of Prohibited Books |
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by Pope Paul IV
books forbidden to Catholics |
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1469-1527; political philosopher
said politics=ammoral
wrote THE PRINCE |
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1265-1321
poet, born in florence
wrote the divine comedy
served as a bridge between europes past and future |
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| crime of paying for positions in the hierarchy of the church |
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| prominent group of bankers in Augsburg, name for some of the richest merchants and nobles in history |
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| read Greek and Hebrew texts to deepen beliefs and restore moral vitality |
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approximate representation on a flat surface
LEONARDO DAVINCI |
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mercernary leaders employed by italian city states
means "controller" |
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| accounts of roman court life by castiglione |
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| midieval mindset to reject something |
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florentine family
produced 3 popes
responsible for art during Renaissance |
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birthplace of the Renaissance movement
architecture, painting, and sculpture |
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| name for events of 15th century italy |
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| love stories by Boccaccio |
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| refers to native language of a country or locality |
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city in Germany
home to martin luther |
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renaissance concept advocating humanism
opposite of renunciation |
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| by Henry VIII against writings of Luther |
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Catherine of Aragon
Anne Boelyn
Jane Seymour
Anne of Cleves
Catherine howard
Catherine Parr |
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Henry VIII's son takes throne at 9, died at 15
makes england protestant
jane seymours son |
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| Ac t of Restraint of Appeals |
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| denied jurisdiction of foreign powers in English affairs |
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sides with lutherans in order to keep germany seperated
(King of France)
supported popes |
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| used to preserve papal authroity |
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| party of bishops had superior authroity to the pope |
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| bible in latin that Christians based everything off of |
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| bible in latin that Christians based everything off of |
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| someone holding more than one authoratative position |
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| founder of the Society of Jesus and Jesuits |
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| made religious order to go to hospitals and do missionary work wherever pope directed |
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| society of jesus members to spread word of catholicism |
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| meditations and prayers to strengthen faith in Roman Catholic beliefs |
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| in catholic church, placed emphasis on power of the papacy |
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discovered by teachers of latin
belief that humans developed and industrialized world after God created it |
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german mathematician
astronomer, astrologer
created horoscopes and almanacs |
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1473-1543
first astronomer to formulate a scientifically based cosmology that saw the sun as the center of the universe |
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| said to have sold his soul to the devil for power and knowledge |
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| united castille and aragon in spain |
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| lay preacher who attracted his followers by sermons on spirtiual regeneration |
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| spanish gained back granada from the moors |
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| southern tip of spain returned in 1492 |
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| christians of moorish bacground in spain |
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| jewish spanish christians |
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