The total market value of all final goods and services produced within a nation's borders in a given time period

The dollar value of GDP divided by total population; average GDP

An increase in output (real GDP); an expansion of production possibilities

Expenditures on (production of) new plant, equipment, and structures (capital) in a given time period, plus changes in business inventories

Payments to individuals for which no current goods or services are exchanged, Social Security, welfare, unemployment benefits

Goods and services sold to foreign buyers

Goods and services purchased from foreign sources

The value of exports minus the value of imports  

The ability of a country to produce a specific good at a lower opportunity cost

than its trading partners

The knowledge and skills possessed by the workforce

Production processes that use a high ratio of capital to labor inputs

Output per unit of input, such as output per labor-hour

Costs (or benefits) of a market activity borne by a third party