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Chapter 21
The Political System Under Strain at Home and Abroad
30
History
Undergraduate 1
10/12/2011

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Term
Plurality
Definition
In elections, winning the highest number of votes of all candidates, but less than half of all
Term
McKinley Tariff
Definition
1890 legislation which raised tax rates to an all-time high.
Term
The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
Definition
According to some interpreters, an allegory relating to the gold standard and financial issues.
Term
Munn V. Illinois (1877)
Definition
Supreme Court decision which upheld the right of states to regulate private property “devoted
Term
Ocala Demands
Definition
1890 manifesto released by the National Farmers Alliance, reflecting their deep distrust of
Term
Patrons of Husbandry
Definition
Social organization, first formed by Oliver Hudson Kelley in 1867; commonly called the
Term
Populism
Definition
Political movement which supports the rights and powers of the common people in opposition
Term
Majority
Definition
In elections, receiving more than half of all votes cast.
Term
"Rum, Romanism and Rebellion"
Definition
Phrase, applied to the Democratic Party during the election of 1884, which helped elect
Term
Bland-Allison Act
Definition
1878 legislation which committed the U.S. government to silver coinage.
Term
Jacob Coxey
Definition
Leader and organizer of the 1894 “Tramp’s March on Washington.”
Term
William Jennings Bryan
Definition
Nebraska congressman, called the Great Commoner” and selected as the Democratic presidential candidate in 1896.
Term
Ida B. Wells
Definition
Outspoken critic of Southern violence and Jim Crow laws, and an organizer of the National Association of Colored Women in 1896.
Term
Mary Elizabeth Lease
Definition
Alliance organizer, known as the “Kansas Pythoness” for her biting attacks on big business.
Term
Imperialism
Definition
Acquisition of control over the government and the economy of another nation, usually by conquest.
Term
Booker T. Washington
Definition
Founder of Tuskegee Institute and author of the 1895 “Atlanta Compromise” who preached accommodation to the racial caste system of the South.
Term
Pittsburgh
Definition
Location of Carnegie Steel’s Homestead Mill and site of a violent labor battle in 1892.
Term
Chicago
Definition
Location of the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition, celebrating the 400th anniversary of Columbus’ “discovery” of the New World.
Term
Navalism
Definition
Theories of warfare and trade that rely on a nations’ military as a principal instrument of policy.
Term
Sherman Silver Purchase Act
Definition
Repealed by Grover Cleveland in 1894 in an attempt to restore business confidence.
Term
Alfred Thayer Mahan
Definition
Admiral in the United States Navy who wrote "The Influence of Sea Power Upon History."
Term
Roosevelt Corollary
Definition
Supplement to the Monroe Doctrine that committed the United States to an exercise of international police power in Latin America.
Term
Insular Cases
Definition
Recognized Congressional authority to establish an inferior status for Puerto Rico.
Term
Leonard Wood
Definition
Commander of the Rough Riders and military governor of Cuba.
Term
Gentlemen's Agreement
Definition
Compromise between the United States and Japan which limited Japanese immigration.
Term
Philippe Bunau-Varilla
Definition
French agent of the Panama Canal Company who assisted Theodore Roosevelt in fomenting a Panamanian revolt against Colombia and gaining concessions for the United States.
Term
Open Door Policy
Definition
U.S. attempt to maintain the opportunity to share in the commercial exploitation of China.
Term
Emilio Aguinaldo
Definition
Leader of the Philippine Insurrection against U.S. occupation.
Term
Platt Amendment
Definition
Document which restricted Cuban independence and assured its subservience to the U.S.
Term
William Howard Taft
Definition
First governor general of the U.S. occupied Philippines.
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