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Chapter 2 Bio
Chapter 2 Biology 10th Grade
38
Biology
10th Grade
09/13/2010

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Term
Activation Energy
Definition
The amount of energy needed to start the reaction
Term
Buffers
Definition
Chemical substances that neutralize small amounts of either acid or base added to a solution
Term
Hydroxide Ion
Definition
OH- ion
Term
Base
Definition
Solution with more hydroxide ions than hydronium ions, pH scale above 7
Term
Catalysts
Definition
A chemical substance that reduces the amount of activation energy needed for a reaction
Term
Hydronium Ion
Definition
H3O+ ion
Term
Alkaline
Definition
Refers to bases
Term
pH scale
Definition
Scale of the concentration of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions/ Acidic and Basic
Term
Free Energy
Definition
The energy in a system that is available for work
Term
Acid
Definition
If the # of hydronium ions in a a solution is greater than the # of hydroxide ions, Less than 7 on pH
Term
Enzymes
Definition
A class of catalysts in living things
Term
Atom
Definition
The simplest particle of an element that retains all the properties of that element
Term
Atomic #
Definition
# of protons
Term
Bond
Definition
Chemical attachments
Term
Chemical reaction
Definition
Combining in ways that cause their atoms to become stable
Term
Compound
Definition
A pure substance that is made up of atoms of two or more elements
Term
Covalent bond
Definition
Forms when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
Term
Electron
Definition
Small negatively charged particles
Term
Saturated Solution
Definition
In which no more solute can dissolve
Term
Solvent
Definition
The substance in which the solute is dissolved
Term
Solution
Definition
A mixture in which one or +1 substances are uniformly distributed into another substance
Term
Solute
Definition
Is the substance dissolved in the solution
Term
Molecule
Definition
Simplest part of a substance that retains all properties of substance in free state
Term
Aqueous solution
Definition
Solution in which water is the solvent
Term
Energy levels
Definition
Speed in which electrons circle around the nucleus
Term
Ionic Bond
Definition
Positive and negative electrical charges attract each other
Term
State
Definition
Rate of atoms in a substance move, solid liquid gas
Term
Energy
Definition
The ability to do work or course change
Term
Matter
Definition
Everything that occupies space
Term
Mass
Definition
Quantity of matter an object has
Term
Exergonic reactions
Definition
Process energy is released for use by your body
Term
Endergonic Reactions
Definition
Reactions that involve a net absorption of free energy
Term
Redox Reactions
Definition
electrons are transferred between atoms
Term
Dissociation
Definition
Breaking apart of the water molecule into two ions of opposite charge
Term
Chemical reactions
Definition
Combining in ways that make their atoms become stable
Term
Concentration
Definition
The measurement of the amount of solute dissolved in a fixed amount of the solution
Term
Reduction reaction
Definition
A reactant gains one or more electrons becoming negative
Term
Oxidation reaction
Definition
Reactant loses one or more electrons, thus becoming positive in charge
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