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| The scientific study of mind and behavior. The study of the behavior of organisms and the things that cause this behavior |
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| Our private inner experience, the ever-flowing stream of consciousness that is made of perceptions, thoughts, memories, and feelings. |
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| Observable actions of human beings and nonhuman animals |
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| Certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn. |
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Tabula Rasa (Blank slate)
All knowledge is gained through experience - Philosophical empiricism |
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| Stages of Thought (according to William Perry, a cognitive psychologist of Harvard) |
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Definition
I. Dualism
1. Knowledge is absolute
2. If a gray area exists, it's because the experts made a mistake.
II. Multiplicity
3. Gray areas are now accepted. Waiting for experts to find the right answer.
4. Students realize that all points of view are valid
III. Relativism
5. Students realize that knowledge is contextual and relative
6. A person realizes that sooner or later a commitment will have to be done
IV. Commitment with Relativism
7. Person makes a commitment
8. Consequences of the decision are realized
9. This is a continuous process that needs to be constantly refined. |
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| No theories work every time. |
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| 4 Common Goals of Psychologists |
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1. Describe behavior
2. Explain behavior
3. Predict behavior
4. Control behavior
-Jean Piaget |
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Developed by Wilhelm Wundt:
-Freeze a thought and break it down to see how the pieces fit together |
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-Structuralism
-First to study Psychology in a lab
-First to create a lab to study in |
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-Disagreed with Wundt
-Came up with Functionalism
-You can't break a thought because it's constantly flowing. One needs to look at the purpose of the thought instead of the thought itself.
-Wrote the first Psychology textbook |
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-Created Gestalt Psychology in 1912
-Look at the whole picture
-Gestalt = Whole |
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-Created Cognitive Development in 1920's
-All ways of teaching are based on his 4 Common Goals |
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-All conscious behavior originates in the unconscious mind
-Sex and Aggression led these behaviors
-Sex drive and aggression are most important for all human development.
-Repression |
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Term
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Definition
| An unconscious protection mechanism that your brain uses to shield your body from harm ; Brain takes a horrid memory and locks it away to protect against anxiety |
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