Term
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Definition
ΔE = q + w
ΔE - Change in in internal energy
q - heat absorbed into system from surroundings
w - work done on system by surroundings |
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Term
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Definition
| Proceeds on its own without outside intervention; occurs in a definite direction; may depend on temperature or pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| System and surroundings can be put back into their original states by exactly reversing the process |
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Term
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Definition
| Cannot simply reverse to restore system and surroundings to original state |
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Term
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Definition
| Measure of randomness in a system; related to various motions of the molecules in a system; ΔS |
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Term
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Definition
ΔS = S(final) - S(initial)
Isothermal:
ΔS = q(rev)/T |
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Term
| Second Law of Thermodynamics |
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Definition
| The total entropy of the universe increases in any spontaneous process |
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Term
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Definition
ΔS=k*ln(W)
S - Entropy
W - Number of of microstates associated w/ thermodynamic state
k - Boltzmann's constant (1.38*10^-23 J/K) |
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Term
| Change in Entropy when given microstates |
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Definition
| ΔS = k*ln(w-final/w-initial) |
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Term
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Definition
| Motion of molecules; entire molecule moves in one direction |
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