Term
| __________ __________ is the study of heredity of a group of individuals for traits be one (or a few) genes. |
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Definition
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| A shared of set genes constitutes a __________ __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The frequencies of the __________ are determined by the frequencies of the alleles in the parent's generation. |
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Definition
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Term
| In __________ __________, the matings occur without any preference for one genotype or another. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ (non-random) __________ is when mating is non-random. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ assortative mating is when two individuals mate more often (than random) when they are similar to each other for a trait. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ assortative mating is when two dissimilar individuals mate more often (than random) for any given trait. |
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Term
| __________ assortative mating is most common in humans. |
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Definition
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Term
| Mating between relatives in __________ or consanguineous mating. |
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Term
| What are the principles of Hardy-Weinberg? |
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Definition
1) Matings are random
2) Allele frequencies are identical in male and female
3) All the genotypes are the same in viability (no genetic selection)
4) No mutations occur
5) No migration
6) Population is infinitely large (prevents genetic drift) |
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Term
In Hardy-Weinberg, __________ is the frequent allele and __________ is the less frequent allele.
As a result, the value of __________ will be much larger than that of the rare homozygote. |
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Definition
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Term
| DNA markers like RFLP and DNA fingerprinting show __________ all the time. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ alleles are much more visible in the male than in the female. |
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Definition
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Term
| Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium requires random mating; without it (__________) the population would deviate from equilibrium as __________ would decline. |
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Definition
1) Inbreeding
2) Heterozygosity |
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Term
The reduction of heterozygosity is expressed in quantitative terms by a measure of inbreeding called the __________ __________ (F).
With no inbreeding, F = __________. |
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Definition
1) Inbreeding coefficient
2) 0 |
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Term
| The __________ __________ of an individual is the probability that the individual carries alleles that are identical by descent. |
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Definition
| 1) Inbreeding coefficient |
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Term
| What are the four main forces that determine the genetic characteristics of a population? |
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Definition
1) Mutation
2) Migration
3) Selection
4) Genetic drift |
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Term
| Most new mutations are __________; some are selectively neutral. |
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Definition
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Term
| The driving force for evolution is __________ __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three principles of natural selection? |
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Definition
1) More offspring produced than can survive and reproduce
2) Offspring have different fitness
3) The favored genotype is present in excess and contributes disproportionately to the next generation |
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Term
| __________ __________ is when alleles that enhance fitness increase in frequency and those that do not decrease in frequency. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ is the ability of an individual of a certain genotype to survive long enough to reproduce. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ is how many offspring are produced by an individual during the reproductive phase of its life. |
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Definition
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Term
| The position of the equilibrium value is greatly influenced by the nature of __________ exhibited by the harmful allele. |
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Definition
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Term
| As the number of individuals in a population increases, the probability of an __________ getting fixed decreases. |
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Definition
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Term
| If no other forces are working on a population, ultimately one allele will become __________ and the other will be __________. |
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Definition
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