Term
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Definition
- texas major player in national politics when Lyndon B. Johnson sought 1960 democratic nomination.
- Johnson elected to U.S. Senate in 1948.
- minority leader 1952.
- majority leader 1954.
- worked with Esinhower to pass important legislation.
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Term
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Definition
- Johnson and supporters vigorously pursued the Democratic Party nomination.
- Johnson lost nomination to John F. Kennedy.
- J.F.K. asked Johnson to be running mate (V.P.)
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Term
| Kennedy/Johnson triumph in Texas |
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Definition
- Kennedy felt he needed an experience southern politican to be running mate (Johnson)
- Johnson's popularity proved solid in the fall
- Republican's won texas in previous 2 elections
- Not sure if Rep. Nixon could win texas
- Tejanos/blacks overwhelmingly supported Kennedy
- Kennedy ran on pro-civil rights platform
- kennedy supported release of Martin Luther King from prison
- Kennedy defeated nixon
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Term
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Definition
- Demo National convention supported:
- civil rights
- school desegregation
- equal oppurtunity
- fair housing
- migrant worker legislation
- voting rights for minorities
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Term
| republican advances in texas |
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Definition
- nixon recieved largest vote tally in texas of any previous candidate
- when johnson became v.p. in 1961, john tower entered special election to fill johnson's empty Senate post.
- Tower became first rep. elected to statewide office since reconstrution.
- Jack Cox wins rep. nomination for governor.
- competes againts democrat john connally (formally worked for johnson as campaign manager)
- cox lost against connally. but cox performed better than any other rep. candidate.
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Term
| non-violent civil rights movements in texas |
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Definition
- activists began to utilize direct action techniques in the 1960's
- struggle was lengthy and bitter
- resistance by most white political leaders and citizens
- tx protestors pressed for change by threatening to publicize statewide injustices
- march 1960- african-american students at tx southern university organized 1st sit-in at houston lunch counter
- challenged segregation
- students impatient w/NAACP legal challenges. students boycotted downtown stores
- 1962 astrodome opened as non-segregated as condition for tx team
- UT- desgregated admission but followed jim crow laws on campus
- 25 black and 7 white students began 3-day demonstation
- african-americans could not participate in athletics and theatre, segregated dorms.
- also sit-ins at lunch counters and theatres in austin
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Term
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Definition
- eliminated local voting restrictions and allowed federal marshals to monitor election proceedings.
- contributed to tremendous increase in black voter registration
- african americans began to serve a councilmen, mayors, sheriffs, constables, local school board members.
- barbara jordan won a state senate seat 1966. then on to u.s. house of repersenatives
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Term
| tejano activism during the 1960's |
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Definition
- many young tejanos answered the call of "brown power"
- promoted racial pide and seeking for change through direct action tactics as labor strikes, school boycotts, & protest marches
- victory resulted from efforts of PASO- political association of spanish-speakings organazations
- 1966 tejano farm workers in starr county organized an affliate of the united farm workers
- ufw went on strike demanding $1.25/hr
- strike lasted less than a month bc scabs arrived from mexico
- 1967 jose gutirerrez formed the mexican american youth organazation (MAYO)
- mayo sought to promote economic oppurtunity, political strength through unity, & local control of education
- crystal city h.s. walk out- school offered college prep courses only to anglos, no bilingual classes
- school board conceded to most of the demands b/c of low attendance
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Term
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Definition
- with connallys strong support, the legsislature expanded community college and state university systems, increased faculty pay, funded campus construction projects, & created Texas College and UNiversity Coordinating Board (now tx higher edu coordinating board).
- connally failed to be strong advocate for minorities and poor
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