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| The first overseas conference that Truman attended after Roosevelt's death that laid the foundation for Germany's postwar status |
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| huge corporations run by single families that had monopolized the Japanese economy |
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| International organization formed to work for world peace |
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| provided pensions and government loans to help veterans start businesses and buy homes/farms, and help veterans receive money for tuition, books, and living expenses while they attended college |
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| promised that government would promote full employment and production |
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| Everyone who wants to work can find employment |
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| Council of Economic Advisers |
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| purpose was to council the president on the economic policy |
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| allowed courts to end strikes, outlawed closed-shop agreements, restricted union power |
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| Committee on Civil Rights |
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| group established by Truman to document civil rights abuses |
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| broke away from the Democratic party because they wanted continued racial segregation (leader: Strom Thurmond) |
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| broke away from the Democratic party which called for an extension of the New Deal and wanted friendly relations with the Soviet Union |
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| Truman's proposed reforms (many opposed; it had limited success) |
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| US and USSR competition for global power and influence; consisted of political and economic fronts rather than battlefields |
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| countries in Eastern Europe under Soviet control |
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| doctrine which aimed to contain/restrict Soviet expansion |
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| proposal to impose penalties on countries violating international controls |
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| set up a commission under civilian control to oversee nuclear weapons research and to promote peacetime uses of atomic energy |
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| US policy of giving military and financial aid to countries resisting Communism |
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| provided aid to Western Europe over 4 years |
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| US and British planes carried food and supplies to West Berlin after they were cut off by the Soviets |
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| Alliance formed whose member nations agreed to protect one another in the event of an attack |
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| alliance of Communist countries in Eastern Europe (opposition to NATO) |
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| National Security Council |
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| council to advise the president on strategic matters |
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| agency to gather information overseas |
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| an anti-Communist crusade led by McCarthy to investigate fascist groups in US |
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| a group of film directors and writers who refused to answer HUAC's questions and went to jail and were put on blacklists |
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| Act which required party member and organizations to register with the federal government; imposed strict controls on immigrants suspected of Communism |
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| the movement calling for a Jewish homeland in Palestine (leader: David Ben-Gurion) |
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| Palestine was divided into these three areas |
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| (1) Isreal (2) Gaza Strip (3) West Bank |
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| march of Communist soldiers thousands of miles in China |
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| the border between North and South Korea |
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| new Democratic candidate ("egghead") |
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| Eisenhower's running mate (republican) |
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| 1,000 times more powerful than atomic bomb |
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| mutually assured destruction (US and Soviets) |
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| led the campaign against nuclear testing |
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| Soviet satellite launched into orbit |
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| established by Eisenhower to expand American space technology |
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| National Defense Education Act |
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| appropriated millions of dollars to improve education in science, math, and foreign languages |
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| policy which called for threatening all-out war in order to confront Communist aggression |
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| Prime minister of Iran who was removed from power and arrested by Americans (replaced by Shah: dictator) |
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| offered military aid and American troops to any Middle East nation resisting Communism |
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| American spy ship shot down over Soviet Union and Eisenhower lies about it |
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| Eisenhower's approach to domestic affairs; wanted conservative spending |
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| promoted assimilation of American Indians into mainstream society |
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| designed to end the reservation system and most federal funding for Native Americans |
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| expanded the nation's highway system; made it easy for people to commute to city jobs |
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| machines could perform industrial operations faster and more efficiently than humans |
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| banned ex-convicts from holding union offices, required frequent reelections of officers and regulated the investment of union funds |
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| programs to improve inner-city housing; replaced old buildings with new ones |
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| Brown vs. board of education |
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| Supreme court case challenging segregation in public schools; ruled that separate educational facilities were unequal |
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| Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) |
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| group of civil rights leaders who persuaded the community to continue the boycott of the buses |
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| name given to African American students who were admitted to an all-white school in Arkansas |
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| Act by Eisenhower which made it a federal crime to prevent qualified persons from voting |
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| small, influential group of writers and poets who challenged the literacy conventions and life-styles of the Middle class |
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| middle class youth of the 50s who had willingness to conform to consumer culture without protest |
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| antisocial behavior by the young |
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| reworking of black rhythm and blue of the 50s |
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