Term
| chromosome theory of inheritance |
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Definition
| Mendelian genes have specific loci on chromosomes and it is the chromosomes that undergo segregation and independent assortment |
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| the phenotype most commonly found in natrual populations |
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| genes located on a sex chromosome |
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| genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together in genetic crosses because the chromosome is passed along as a unit |
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| the production of offspring with new combinations of traits inherited from two parents |
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| offspring with a phentype that matches one of the parental phenotypes |
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| offspring with new combinations of alleles different from the parents |
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| an ordered list of the genetic loci along a particular chromosome |
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| a genetic map based on recombination frequencies |
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| a measurement of the distance between genes;one unit equal to 1% recombination frequency |
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locate genes with respect to chromosomal features (can be seen with microscope) |
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| Duchenne muscular dystrophy |
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Definition
| a sex-linked disorder which affects 1 out of every 3500 males in the U.S.; characterized by a weakening of muscles and loss of coordination |
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| a sex-linked recessive trait defined by the abscence of one or more proteins required for clotting blood |
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| a dense object lying along the inside of the nuclear envelope in female mammalia cells, representing inactive chromosomes |
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| a mishap in which the members of a pair of homologous chromosomes do not move apart properly during meiosis I |
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| a chromosomal aberration in which certain chromosomes are present in extra copies or are defecient in number |
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| a chromosomal condition in which a particular cell has an extra copy of one chromosome, instead of two (has three total copies of a chromosome) |
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| if an aneuploid cell is missing a chromosome (has one total copy) |
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| having more than two complete chromosome sets (3n or 4n) |
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| occurs when a chromosomal fragment lacking a centromere is lost during cell division |
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| an aberration which results in a portion of a chromosome fuses with a part of a sister chromatid |
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| occurs when a chromosomal fragment reattaches to the original chromosome but in the reverse order |
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| a fragment of chromosome may also attach to a nonhomologous chromosome |
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| affects one of every 700 children in the U.S. the result of an extra chromosome 21 |
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| a gene on one chromosome is silence, while its allele on the homologous chromosome is left free to be expressed |
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| a disorder which results in an abnormal X chromosome connected by a thin strand of DNA to another chromosome; children with this condition are mentally retarded |
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