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| Freedoms guaranteed to individuals. |
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| Powers or privileges guaranteed to individuals and protected from arbitrary removal at the hands of government or other individuals. |
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| The first clause in the First Amendment, which forbids government establishment of religion. |
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| The second clause in the First Amendment, which prevents the government from interfering with the exercise of religion. |
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| A standard used by the Supreme Court in deciding whether a law or policy is to be adjudged constitutional or not. To pass strict scrutiny, the law or policy must be justified by a "compelling governmental interest" as well as being the least restrictive means for achieving that interest. |
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| Censorship before publication. |
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| The press and speech clauses of the first amendment. |
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| Clear and Present Danger Test |
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| A means by which the Supreme Court has distinguished between speech as the advocacy of ideas, which is protected by the First Amendment, and speech as incitement, which is not protected. |
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| Speech that is not protected by the First Amendment because it inflicts injury or tends to incite an immediate disturbance of the peace. |
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| People who assume roles of prominence in society or thrust themselves to the forefront of public controversy. |
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| A law that pronounces an individual guilty of a crime without a trial. |
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| A law that declares an action to be criminal after it has been performed. |
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| The obligation of the parties to a contract to carry out its terms. |
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| Statements concerning rights that police are required to make to a person before he or she is subjected to in-custody questioning. |
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| The judicial rule that states that evidence obtained in an illegal search and seizure cannot be used in trial. |
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| An exception to the Supreme Court's exclusionary rule, holding that evidence seized on the basis of a mistakenly issued search warrant can be introduced in a trial if the mistake was made in good faith, that is, if all the parties involved had reason at the time to believe that the warrant was proper. |
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Definition
| The judicial rule that states that evidence obtained in an illegal search and seizure cannot be used in trial. |
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Term
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Definition
| An exception to the Supreme Court's exclusionary rule, holding that evidence seized on the basis of a mistakenly issued search warrant can be introduced in a trial if the mistake was made in good faith, that is, if all the parties involved had reason at the time to believe that the warrant was proper. |
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