Term
| Schizophrenia affects one in how many people |
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Definition
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Term
| The outward manifestation of a person's feelings and emotions. |
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Definition
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Term
| Disorganized thinking, manifested as jumbled and illogical speech and impaired reasoning, is displayed (also known as looseness of association). |
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Definition
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Term
| Thinking is not bound to reality but reflects the private perceptual world of the individual. Delusions, hallucinations, and neologisms are examples |
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Definition
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Term
| Simultaneously holding two opp-osing emotions, attitudes, ideas, or wishes toward the same person, situation, or object. |
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Definition
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Term
The features of this disorder are similar to schizophrenia except:
• The total duration of the illness is at least 1 month but less than 6 months.
• Impaired social or occupational functioning may not be apparent (although it may appear later). |
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Definition
| Schizophreniform Disorder |
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Term
| Which disorder is characterized by a major depressive, manic, or mixed mood episode presenting concurrently with symptoms of schizophrenia. The symptoms are not due to any substance use or to a medical condition. |
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Definition
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| Which disorder involves nonbizarre delusions (e.g., situations that could occur in real life, such as being followed, deceived by a spouse, or having a disease) of at least 1 month's duration. One's ability to function is not markedly impaired, nor is behavior otherwise odd or psychotic. |
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Definition
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Term
| a condition in which one individual comes to share the delusional beliefs of another with whom there is a close, sustained relationship. |
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Definition
| Shared Psychotic Disorder (Folie à Deux) |
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Term
| Which disorder may be induced by substances (drugs of abuse, alcohol, medications, or toxins) (Mauri et al., 2006) or caused by a medical condition (delirium, neurological or metabolic conditions, hepatic or renal diseases, and many others |
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Definition
| Induced or Secondary Psychosis |
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Term
| Substance abuse disorders occur how often in persons with schizophrenia |
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Definition
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Term
| Which disorder is characterized by a seemingly insatiable thirst that results in a dangerous intake of water. |
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Definition
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Term
| describe the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| The scientific consensus is that schizophrenia occurs when multiple inherited gene abnormalities combine with nongenetic factors (e.g., viral infections, birth injuries, prenatal malnutrition), altering the structures of the brain, affecting the brain's neurotransmitter systems, and/or injuring the brain directly |
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Term
| Which theory of schizophrenia is derived from the study of the action of the first antipsychotic drugs, collectively known as conventional (or first-generation) antipsychotics (e.g., haloperidol and chlorpromazine |
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Definition
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Term
| atypical (or second-generation) antipsychotics, block which 2 chemicals |
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Definition
| serotonin as well as dopamine, |
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Term
| some people with schizophrenia have structural brain abnormalities, including: |
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Definition
• Enlargement of the lateral cerebral ventricles, third ventricle dilation, and/or ventricular asymmetry
• Reduced cortical, frontal lobe, hippocampal and/or cerebellar volumes
• Increased size of the sulci (fissures) on the surface of the brain |
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Term
| . Prenatal risk factors for schizophrenia include |
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Definition
| viral infection, poor nutrition, hypoxia, and exposure to toxins. Psychological trauma to the mother during pregnancy (e.g., the death of a relative) can also contribute to the development of schizophrenia |
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Term
| forewarning symptoms are also known as |
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Definition
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Term
| the 3 main phases of schizophrenia |
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Definition
1) acute
2) stabilization
3) maintenance |
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Term
| which schizophrenic phase is described as : : Onset or exacerbation of florid, disruptive symptoms (e.g., hallucinations, delusions, apathy, withdrawal) with resultant loss of functional abilities; increased care or hospitalization may be required. |
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Definition
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Term
| which schizophrenic phase is described as: Symptoms are diminishing, and there is movement toward one's previous level of functioning (baseline); day hospitalization or care in a residential crisis center or a supervised group home may be needed. |
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Definition
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Term
| which schizophrenic phase is described as: The patient is at or nearing baseline (or premorbid) functioning; symptoms are absent or diminished; level of functioning allows the patient to live in the community. Ideally, recovery with few or no residual symptoms has occurred. Most persons in this phase live in their own residences. |
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Definition
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Term
| "positive symptoms" of schizo |
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Definition
hallucinations
delusions
disorganized speech
bizarre behavior |
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Term
| "negative symptoms" of schizo |
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Definition
blunted affect
poverty of thought
loss of motivation
inability to experience pleasure (anhedonia) |
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Term
| congentive symptoms of schizo |
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Definition
easily destracted
impaired memory
poor problem solving skills
poor decision skills
illogical thinking
impaired judgement |
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Term
| affective symptoms of schizo |
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Definition
dysphoria
suicidal thoughts
hopelessness |
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Term
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Definition
• Persecutory
• Jealousy
• Grandiose
• Religious
• Somatic
• Reference
• Being controlled
• Thought broadcasting, insertion, withdrawal |
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Term
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Definition
Auditory
○ Voices commenting
○ Voices conversing
• Tactile
• Olfactory
• Gustatory
• Visual |
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Term
| WHAT is an impaired ability to sense where one's body ends and others’ bodies begin. For example, a patient might drink another's beverage, believing that because it is in his vicinity, it is his. |
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Definition
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Term
| a pronounced increase or decrease in the rate and amount of movement; the most common form is stuporous behavior in which the person moves little or not at all. |
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Definition
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Term
| the extended maintenance of posture, usually seen in catatonia. For example, the nurse raises the patient's arm, and the patient continues to hold this position in a statue-like manner. |
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Definition
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Term
| Acute phase interventions include: |
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Definition
• Psychiatric, medical, and neurological evaluation
• Psychopharmacological treatment
• Support, psychoeducation, and guidance
• Supervision and limit setting in the milieu |
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Term
| When a patient is having a hallucination, the nursing focus is on what |
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Definition
| understanding the patient's experiences and responses. |
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Term
| What may be the patient's attempts to understand confusion and distorted experiences. They reflect the misperception of one's circumstances, which go uncorrected in schizophrenia due to impaired reality testing. |
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Definition
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Term
| what often mirrors the patient's autistic thoughts and reflects poorly organized thinking. |
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Definition
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Term
| (traditional dopamine antagonists are considered |
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Definition
| conventional anti psychotics,typical or first-generation antipsychotics |
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Term
| (serotonin-dopamine antagonists are considered |
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Definition
| atypical antipsychotics ,second-generation antipsychotics. |
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Term
| Antipsychotic agents usually take effect about how long after the regimen is started |
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Definition
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Term
| first widely used antipsychotic |
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Definition
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Term
| Atypicals are often chosen as first-line antipsychotics because they treat |
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Definition
| both the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. |
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Term
| Atypical antipsychotics medication examples |
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Definition
| risperidone (Risp-erdal), olanzapine (Zyprexa), quetiapine (Seroquel), ziprasidone (Geodon), and aripiprazole (Abilify), which technically is a third-generation drug. |
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Term
| what disorder,which includes weight gain, dyslipidemia, and altered glucose metabolism—is a significant concern in most atypicals and increases the risk of diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerotic heart disease |
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Definition
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Term
| antipsychotics - Low potency drug side effect profile |
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Definition
| high sedation + high ACh + low EPSs |
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Term
| antipsychotics - high potency drug side effect profile |
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Definition
| low sedation + low ACh + high EPSs |
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Term
| acute sustained contraction of muscles, usually of the head and neck |
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Definition
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Term
| psychomotor restlessness evident as pacing or fidgeting, sometimes pronounced and very distressing to patients |
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Definition
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Term
| a medication-induced, temporary constellation of symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease: tremor, reduced accessory movements, impaired gait, and stiffening of muscles |
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Definition
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Term
| Medications to counter effect the EPS side effects of antipsychotic drugs |
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Definition
| benztropine mesylate (Cogentin). Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl) and amantadine hydrochloride (Symmetrel) |
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Term
| what disorder consists of involuntary tonic muscular contractions that typically involve the tongue, fingers, toes, neck, trunk, or pelvis. It usually appears after prolonged treatment and persists even after the medication has been discontinued |
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Definition
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Term
| what disorder is characterized by reduced consciousness, increased muscle tone (muscular rigidity), and autonomic dysfunction—including hyperpyrexia, labile hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea, diaphoresis, and drooling. |
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Definition
| Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) |
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Term
| which schizo disorder may have marked associative looseness, grossly inappropriate affect, bizarre mannerisms, and incoherence of speech and may display extreme social withdrawal. |
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Definition
| Disorganized Schizophrenia |
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Term
| which schizo disorder has active signs of the disorder (positive and/or negative symptoms) are present, but the individual does not meet the criteria for any of the other subtypes. |
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Definition
| Undifferentiated Schizophrenia |
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Term
which schizo disorder is this:
active-phase symptoms are no longer present, but evidence of two or more residual symptoms persists. Residual symptoms typically include: |
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Definition
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Term
1. A patient is found in a closet with an empty 2-liter bottle of cola taken from the staff refrigerator. The bottle was full but now is empty. Recently, staff have noticed an increase in this patient's response to auditory hallucinations and the recent addition of confusion to his symptoms. For the past several days, the patient has been seen drinking from the hallway water cooler and taking items from his peers’ dinner trays. Which response is most appropriate?
1. Place the patient on every-15-minute checks to identify any further deterioration.
2. Restrict his access to fluids, and evaluate for water intoxication via daily weights.
3. Attempt to distract the patient from excess fluid intake and other bizarre behavior.
4. Request an increase in antipsychotic medication, owing to the worsening of his psychosis. |
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Definition
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Term
2. Jim is sometimes seen moving his lips silently or murmuring to himself when he does not realize others are watching. Sometimes when he is conversing with others, he suddenly stops, appears distracted for a moment, and then resumes. Based on these observations, Jim most likely is experiencing which symptom(s)? Select all that apply.
1. Illusions
2. Paranoia
3. Delusional thinking
4. Auditory hallucinations
5. Impaired reality testing
6. Stereotyped behaviors |
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Definition
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Term
3. Mary, a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia, is encouraged to attend groups but stays in her room instead. Staff and peers encourage her participation, but her hygiene remains poor. She does not seem to care that others wish that she would behave differently. Which is the most likely explanation for Mary's failure to respond to others’ efforts to help her behave in a more adaptive fashion? Select all that apply.
1. She is avolitional.
2. She is displaying anergia.
3. She is displaying negativism.
4. She is exhibiting paranoid delusions.
5. She is being resistant or oppositional.
6. She is experiencing social withdrawal.
7. She is apathetic due to her schizophrenia. |
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Definition
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Term
4. You are attempting to interview Mr. Jones, a newly admitted involuntary patient with schizophrenia. Mr. Jones seems evasive and uncomfortable and gives one-word responses that are minimally informative. Which response would be most useful for facilitating the interview?
1. “Why did you come to the hospital today?”
2. “It must be difficult to be admitted to a hospital against your will.”
3. “If you could cooperate for just a few minutes, we could get this done.”
4. “Did your schizophrenia get worse because you stopped taking your medication?” |
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Definition
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Term
5. A week later, Mr. Jones has begun to take the conventional antipsychotic haloperidol. You approach him with his bedtime dose and notice that he is sitting very stiffly and immobile. When you approach, you notice that he is diaphoretic, and when you ask if he is okay he seems unable to turn towards you or to respond verbally. You also notice that his eyes are aimed sharply upward and he seems frightened. How should the nurse respond? Select all that apply.
1. Begin to wipe him with a washcloth wet with cold water or alcohol.
2. Hold his medication, stat page his doctor, and check his temperature.
3. Administer a medication such as benztropine IM to correct his dystonic reaction.
4. Reassure him that although there is no treatment for his tardive dyskinesia, it will pass.
5. Explain that he has anticholinergic toxicity, hold his meds, and give IM physostigmine.
6. Hold his medication tonight, and consult his doctor after completing medication rounds. |
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Definition
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