Term
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Definition
| Many behavior patterns considered normal for children would be considered abnormal in adults. |
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Term
| True. However, anxiety and mood disorders become more common among women beginning in adolescence. |
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Definition
| Boys are more likely to develop anxiety and mood disorders than girls are. |
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Term
| pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) |
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Definition
| a class of developmental disorders characterized by significantly impaired behavior or functioning in multiple areas of development |
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Term
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Definition
| a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by failure to relate to others, lack of speech, disturbed motor behaviors, intellectual impairment, and demands for sameness in the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by social deficits and stereotyped behavior but without the significant language or cognitive impairment associated with autism |
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Term
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Definition
| a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by a range of physical, behavioral, motor, and cognitive abnormalities that begin after a few months of apparently normal development |
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Term
| childhood disintegrative disorder |
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Definition
| a pervasive developmental disorder involving loss of previously acquired skills and abnormal functioning following a period of apparently normal development during the first 2 years of life |
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Term
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Definition
| a generalized delay of impairment in the development of intellectual and adaptive abilities |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome on the 21st pair and characterized by mental retardation and various physical anomalies |
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Term
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Definition
| an inherited form of mental retardation caused by a mutated gene on the X chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| a genetic disorder that prevents the metabolization of phenylpyruvic acid, leading to mental retardation unless the diet is strictly controlled |
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Term
| cultural-familial retardation |
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Definition
| a mild form of mental retardation that is influenced by impoverishment of the home environment |
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Term
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Definition
| a learning disorder characterized by impaired reading ability |
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Term
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Definition
| a deficiency in a specific learning ability in the context of normal intelligence and exposure to learning opportunities |
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Term
| False. Nelson Rockefeller, vice president during the Ford administration in the 1970s, suffered from dyslexia and struggled with reading, not arithmetic. |
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Definition
| A former vice president of the United States had such difficulty with arithmetic that he could never balance a checkbook. |
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Term
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Definition
| a class of psychological disorders characterized by difficulties in understanding or using language |
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Term
| attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
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Definition
| a behavior disorder characterized by excessive motor activity and inability to focus one's attention |
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Term
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Definition
| an abnormal behavior pattern characterized by difficulty in maintaining attention and extreme recklessness |
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Term
| False. Not quite. ADHD comes in second, after learning disabilities. |
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Definition
| The most commonly diagnosed psychological disorder in young people age 6 to 17 is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. |
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Term
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Definition
| Women who smoke during pregnancy increase the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in their offspring. |
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Term
| False. Children with ADHD are often given stimulant drugs, such as Ritalin, not depressants. These stimulants have a paradoxical effect of calming them down and increasing their attention spans. |
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Definition
| Children who are hyperactive are often given depressants to help calm them down. |
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Term
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Definition
| a psychological disorder in childhood and adolescence characterized by disruptive, antisocial behavior |
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Term
| oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) |
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Definition
| a psychological disorder in childhood and adolescence characterized by excessive oppositionality or tendencies to refuse requests from parents and others |
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Term
| separation anxiety disorder |
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Definition
| a childhood disorder characterized by extreme fear of separation from parents or others caretakers |
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Term
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Definition
| Difficulties at school, problem behaviors, and physical complaints may actually be signs of depression in children. |
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Term
| False. Actually, suicide is rare among children and young adolescents. But the risks increase with age into late adolescence and early adulthood. |
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Definition
| Suicide is unfortunately quite common among young teens around the time of puberty. |
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Term
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Definition
| failure to control urination after one has reached the expected age for attaining such control |
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Term
| True. The use of a urine alarm can help condition the enuretic child to awaken to the pressure of a full bladder. |
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Definition
| Principles of classical conditioning can be applied to treat bed-wetting in children. |
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Term
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Definition
| lack of control over bowel movements that is not caused by an organic problem in a child who is at least 4 years old |
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