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Chapter 14: Human Inheritance
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23
Biology
Undergraduate 1
11/20/2011

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Term
AUTOSOMES
Definition
The chromosomes in an individual's cells that DO NOT play a role in sex determination
Term
SEX CHROMOSOMES
Definition
The chromosomes in an individual's cells that DO play a role in sex determination
Term
Sex Determination in Humans
Definition
After meiosis, all the eggs of a female will carry one X chromosome each - 50% of the sperms will carry an X chromosome and 50% will carry a Y chromosome
Term
Human females are XX and males are XY
Q: Does a male inherit the X from his mother or father?
Definition
A: The mother
Term
Human females are XX and males are XY
Q: How many different types of gametes can a female produce?
Definition
A: One gamete
Term
Human females are XX and males are XY
Q: How many different types of gametes can a male produce?
Definition
A: Two gametes
Term
GENETIC ABNORMALITY
Definition
Uncommon version of a trait; not life threatening
Term
GENETIC DISORDER
Definition
Inherited condition that will cause mild to sever medical problems
Term
PEDIGREE ANALYSIS
Definition
A chart that is constructed to show the genetic connections among individuals
Term
PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS
Definition
Fetal testing cans pot many inherited disorders early in pregnancy
Term
AMNIOCENTESIS
Definition
Fluid drawn from amniotic sac
Term
FETOSCOPY
Definition
Produces higher resolution images
Term
CHORIONIC VILLUS SAMPLING (CVS)
Definition
Cells removed from chorion
Term
ULTRASOUND IMAGING
Definition
Ultrasound waves are used
Term
PREIMPLANTATION DIAGNOSIS
Definition
A procedure that relies on in-vitro fertilization
Term
Q: Genetic recombination as a result of crossing over occurs more readily in genes that are located
Definition
A: Far apart on the same chromosome
Term
Q: A normal woman mated witha man with achondroplasia (dwarfism) whose father was normal. What is the chance that htis mating will produce offspring with achondroplasia?
Definition
A: 0.50 (50 percent)
Term
Q: A normal women whose father had galactosemia mated with a normal man whose mother was also galactosemic. What is the chance that they will have galactosemic children?
Definition
A: 0.25 (25 percent)
Term
Q: An X-linked carrier is a
Definition
A: heterozygous female
Term
Q: Colorblindness is an X-linked trait in humans. If a colorblind woman marries a man with normal vision
Definition
A: Their sons will be colorblind; daughters will be carriers
Term
Q: In Down syndrome
Definition
A: As the age of the mother increases, the chance of the defect occurring in the unborn children increases
Term
Q: Certain human cancer cells may demonstrate which of the following?
Definition
A: Translocation
Term
Hemophilia
Definition
An X-linked recessive trait
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