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Chapter 14
Basic Tools of Finance
14
Economics
Undergraduate 2
11/04/2015

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Term
Finance
Definition
the field that studies financial decision making
Term
present value
PV = FV/(1 + r )N
Definition
the amount that would be needed today to yield that future sum at prevailing interest rates.
Term
Future Value
FV = PV(1 + r )N
Definition
the amount the sum will be worth at a given future date, when allowed to earn interest at the prevailing rate.
Term
Compounding
Definition
the accumulation of a sum of money where the interest earned on the sum earns additional interest
Term
The Rule of 70
Definition
If a variable grows at a rate of x percent per year, that variable will double in about 70/x years
Term
Risk Averse
Definition
Dislike of uncertainty
Term
Diversification
Definition
reduces risk by replacing a single risk with a large number of smaller, unrelated risks.
Term
firm-specific risk
Definition
affects only a single company
Term
Market risk
Definition
affects all companies in stock market
Term
fundamental analysis
Definition
the study of a company’s accounting statements
and future prospects to determine its value
Term
Efficient Markets Hypothesis (EMH
Definition
the theory that each asset price reflects all publicly available information about the value of the asset
Term
informationally efficient
Definition
Each stock price reflects all available information about the value of the company
Term
random walk
Definition
A stock price only changes in response to new
information (“news”) about the company’s value
Term
Index fund
Definition
a mutual fund that buys all the stocks in a given stock index
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