Term
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Definition
| Series of biological developments that transforms individuals from state of physical immaturity to one in which they are biologically mature and capable of sexual reproduction |
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Term
| Puberty is characterized by: |
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Definition
1) Rapid acceleration in growth
2) Development of primary sex characteristics (directly related to reproduction)
3) Development of secondary sex characteristics
4) Changes in body composition |
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Term
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Definition
* levels of certain hormones rise in puberty (androgens, estrogens)
* hypothalamus signlas pituitary gland
* pituitary gland produces hormones that stimulate adrenal glands and, at puberty, the gonads
* gonads increase production of estrogen and testosterone |
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Term
| What factors influence onset? |
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Definition
* genetic factors
* nutrition
* stress --> family conflict
* gender |
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Term
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Definition
* 1840s --> menarche 14-15 years
* 1990s --> menarche 12-13 years (had leveled off)
* Today --> getting even lower |
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Term
| Puberty sequence for girls: |
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Definition
* ovaries increase progesterone (9)
* internal sex organs grow (9.5)
* breast "bud" stage (10)
* pubic hair appears (11)
* weight spurt begins (11.5)
* peak height spurt (12)
* peak muscle, organ (12.5)
* hips wider (12.5)
* first ovulation (13.5)
* final pubic hair pattern (15)
* full breast growth (16) |
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Term
| Puberty sequence for boys: |
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Definition
* testes more testosterone (10)
* testes/scrotum larger (11)
* pubic hair appears (12)
* penis growth (12.5)
* first ejaculation (13)
* weight spurt (13)
* peak height spurt (14)
*peak muscle, organ (14.5)
* shoulders broaden (14.5)
* voice lowers (15)
* facial hair appears (16)
*final pubic hair patter (18) |
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Term
| Consequences of early maturing girls |
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Definition
* start puberty at 7
* peer difficulties
* poor body image
* higher risk for depression
* start dating early
* have sexual intercourse earlier
* engage in more norm breaking behaviors |
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Term
| Consequences of late maturing girls |
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Definition
* start puberty at 13
* closer to their parents
* date later
* more interested in athletics
* less likely to engage in norm breaking behaviors |
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Term
| Consequences of early maturing boys |
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Definition
* excel in sports
* more often chosen as leaders
* more conventional as adults
* less exploratory, intellectually curious
* engage in more norm breaking behaviors |
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Term
| Consequences of late maturing boys |
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Definition
* peer difficulties
* lower self-esteem
* tend to be talkative and playful
* as adults, tend to be more flexible, more sense of humor |
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Term
| Eating Disorder: Anorexia Nervosa |
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Definition
* condition in which girls starve themselves
* consider self fat even when too thin
* vigorous exercise, laxatives
* obsessive/compulsive
* serious health consequences
* more prevalent among white middle and upper class |
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Term
| Eating Disorder: Bulimia Nervosa |
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Definition
* more common eating disorder
* obsessed by weight
* starve self, broken up by "binge eating" periods
* self-indued vomiting, laxative use
* near normal weight
* serious health consequences
* oten linked with substance abuse |
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