Term
| What are the three routes by which sodium is lost? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of those three routes is employed to regulated the body's sodium content? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the kidney handle sodium ion? |
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Definition
66% reabsorption in proximal tubule
26% in loop of Henle
0.6% excreted |
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Term
| How does the kidney handle potassium ion? |
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Definition
80% reabsorption in proximal tube
Some reabsorbed in Loop of Henle
15% excreted |
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Term
| How does the kidney handle water? |
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Definition
65% is reabsorbed in proximal tubule
10% in loop of Henle
0.6% is excreted |
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Term
| How does the kidney handle glucose? |
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Definition
| All is reabsorbed in proximal tubule. |
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Term
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Definition
| An enzyme secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the kidneys. Also turns angiotensinogen into Angiotensin I. |
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Term
| What are the three major controls on its secretion? |
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Definition
| 1. Sympathetic nervous system 2. Decreased intra-renal blood pressure 3. Decreased Sodium/chloride concentrations in distal tubules. |
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Term
| How does the autonomic nervous system influence renin secretion from the kidney? |
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Definition
| Sympathetic via beta-one receptor |
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Term
| What are the two hormones controlling the body's sodium levels? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can the body control water loss without also controlling sodium loss? |
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Definition
| ADH opens aquaporins allow water through but not sodium via the countercurrent multiplier. |
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Term
| What are the major consequences of hypokalemia? |
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Definition
| Decreased extracellular potassium content |
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Term
| What are the major consequences of hyperkalemia? |
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Definition
| Increased extracellular potassium content. |
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Term
| What is the mechanism by which the body regulates its potassium levels? |
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Definition
| Coritcal collecting ducts can secrete potassium when there is a high potassium diet: Plasma potassium concentration increases and this drives the enhanced basolateral uptake via the Sodium/Potassium ATPase pumps. ALDOSTERONE. |
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