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Chapter 14 Vocab
Exploring Life Biology Chapter 14 - Evolution: A History and a Process Pages 290 - 319
19
Biology
9th Grade
02/15/2011

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Term
Evolution:
Definition
Generation-to-generation change in the proportion of different inherited genes in a population that accounts for all of the changes that have transformed life over an immense time
Term
Adaption:
Definition
Inherited characteristic that improves an organsims's ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment
Term
Descent with Modification:
Definition
Process by which descendants of ancestral organisms spread into various habitats and acumulate adaptions to diverse ways of life
Term
Natural Selection:
Definition
Process by which individuals with inherited characteristics well-suited to the environment leave more offspring than do other individuals
Term
Fossil:
Definition
Preserved remains or marking left by an organism that lived in the past
Term
Fossil Record:
Definition
Chronological collection of life's remains in sedimentary rock layers
Term
Extinct:
Definition
No longer exsisting as a living species on Earth
Term
Homologous Structure:
Definition
Simliar structure found in more than one species that share a common ancestor
Term
Vestigial Structure:
Definition
Remnant of a structure that may have had an important function in a species' ancestors, but has no clear function in the modern species
Term
Population:
Definition
Group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area at the same time
Term
Variation:
Definition
Difference among members of a species
Term
Artificial Selection:
Definition
Selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to produce offspring with desired genetic traits
Term
Gene Pool:
Definition
All of the alleles in all of the individuals that make up a population
Term
Microevolution:
Definition
Evolution on the smallest scale-a generation-to-generation change in the frequencies of alleles within a population
Term
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium:
Definition
Condition that occurs when the frequency of alleles in a particular population remian constant over time
Term
Genetic Drift:
Definition
Change in the gene pool of a population due to chance
Term
Gene Flow:
Definition
Exchange of genes within a population
Term
Fitness:
Definition
Contribution that an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation compared to the contributions of other individuals
Term
Antibiotic:
Definition
Medicine that kills or slows the growth of bacteria
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