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Definition
| a type of muscle in the digestive tract, arteries and related structures; innervated by the autonomic nervous system and not under voluntary control |
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Definition
| a type of muscle with a striated, or striped appearance; the two types are skeletal and cardiac |
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Definition
| a type of striated muscle found only in the heart; in contracts rhythmically even in the absence of innervation |
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Definition
| a type of striated muscle that is under voluntary control and that functions to move bones around joints; derived from mesodermal somites |
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Definition
| a multinucleated skeletal muscle cell |
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Definition
| the skeletal muscles and the parts of the nervous system that control them; the system that generates behavior |
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| the direction of movement that closes a joint |
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Definition
| the direction of movement that opens a joint |
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| muscle that causes flexion when it contracts |
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Definition
| a muscle that contracts with other muscles to produce movement in one direction |
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Definition
| a muscle that causes extension when it contracts |
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Definition
| a muscle that acts against another at the same joint |
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Definition
| a muscle that controls movements of the trunk of the body |
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Definition
| a muscle that controls the shoulder or pelvis |
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Definition
| a muscle that controls the hands, feet or digits |
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Definition
| a neuron that innervates the extrafusal fibers of skeletal muscle |
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Definition
| one alpha motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates |
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Definition
| all the alpha motor neurons innervating the fibers of a single skeletal muscle |
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Definition
| a motor unit with a large alpha motor neuron innervating rapidly contracting & rapidly fatiguing white muscle fibers |
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Definition
| a motor unit with a small alpha motor neuron innervating slowly contracting & slowly fatiguing red muscle fibers |
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Term
| excitation-contraction coupling |
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Definition
| the physiological process by which the excitation of a muscle cell leads to its contraction |
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Definition
| the outer cell membrane of a skeletal muscle fiber |
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Definition
| a cylindrical structure within a skeletal muscle fiber that contracts in response to an action potential |
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Definition
| an organelle within a skeletal muscle fiber that stores Ca+2 and releases it when stimulated by an action potential in T tubules |
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Definition
| a membrane-enclosed tunnel running within a skeletal muscle fiber that links excitation of the sarcolemma with the release of Ca+2 from the sarcoplasmic reticulum |
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Definition
| a band delineating sarcomeres in a myofibril of a muscle fiber |
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Definition
| the contractile element between Z lines in a myofibril; contains the thick and thin filaments that slide along one another to cause muscle contraction |
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Definition
| a part of the cytoskeleton of a muscle cell containing actin, anchored to Z lines and sliding along thick filaments to cause muscle contraction |
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Definition
| a part of the cytoskeleton of a muscle cell containing myosin, lying between and among thin filaments and sliding along them to cause muscle contraction |
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Definition
a cytoskeletal protein in all cells and the major thick filament protein in a skeletal muscle fiber; causes muscle contraction by chemical interaction with actin
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Definition
| a cytoskeletal protein in all cells and the major thin filament protein in a skeletal muscle fiber; causes muscle contraction by specific chemical interactions with myosin |
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Definition
| a protein that binds Ca+2 in a skeletal muscle cell, thereby regulating the interaction of myosin and actin |
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Definition
| a specialized structure within skeletal muscles that senses muscle length; provides sensory information to neurons in the spinal cord via group Ia axons; also called stretch receptor |
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Definition
| a sensory receptor from the muscles, joints, and skin that contributes to proprioception |
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Definition
| the sensation of body position and movement using sensory signals from muscles, joints and skin |
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Definition
| a reflex that leads to muscle contraction in response to muscle stretch, mediated by the monosynaptic connection between group Ia axons from a muscle spindle and an alpha motor neuron innervating the same muscle; also called strech reflex |
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Definition
| a specialized muscle fiber within a muscle spindle that receives motor innervation from gamma motor neurons |
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Definition
| a muscle fiber in skeletal muscle that lies outside muscle spindles and receives innervation from alpha motor neurons |
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Definition
| a motor neuron that innervates intrafusal muscle fibers |
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Definition
| a specialized structure within the tendons of skeletal muscle that senses muscle tension |
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Definition
| the process whereby the contraction of one set of muscles is accompanied by the relaxion of antagonist muscles |
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| central pattern generator |
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Definition
| a neural circuit that gives rise to rhythmic motor activity |
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