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Chapter 12
Vocab
22
Biology
9th Grade
01/12/2012

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Term
character
Definition
a feature or trait
Term
trait
Definition
a variation of a characteristic
Term
hybrid
Definition
mix of two things
Term
Alleles
Definition
Versions of a character or gene
Term
Law of Segregation of Alleles
Definition
Alleles of a gene separate from each other during production of gametes
Term
Dominant Allele
Definition
An allele that when present is always expressed
Term
Recessive Allele
Definition
An allele that is not expressed when the dominant allele is present
Term
Homozygous Dominant
Definition
When two dominant genes are present
Term
Heterozygous
Definition
One dominant and one recessive allele
Term
Homozygous Recessive
Definition
When two recessive genes are present
Term
Genotype
Definition
Sets of alleles for character
Term
Phenotype
Definition
Trait that results from genotype (physical trait)
Term
Law of Independent Assortment
Definition
Alleles of different genes separate independently from each other
Term
Linked Genes
Definition
Genes that will end up in the same gamete together most of the time
Term
Punnet Square
Definition
It predicts the outcome of a cross showing all genotypes possible
Term
Pedigree
Definition
A family history that shows how a trait is inherited over several generations
Term
sex-linked
Definition
disorders carried in the X chromosomes
Term
carrier
Definition
doesn't show the trait, but has an allele for it. Only females.
Term
polygenic inheritance
Definition
when more than one gene determines the character
Term
incomplete domance
Definition
when neither of two alleles are expressed
Term
multiple alleles
Definition
when there are more than 2 alleles per character
Term
codominance
Definition
when both alleles are expressed at the same time
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