Term
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Definition
| trait is the only one present for many generations |
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Term
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Definition
| observable physical feature (ex flower color) |
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Term
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Definition
| form of a character (ex white flowers) |
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Term
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Definition
| is passed from parent to offspring |
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Term
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Definition
| pollen from one parent was transferred to the stigma of the other parent |
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Term
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Definition
| resulting offspring of P generation |
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Term
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Definition
| offspring of the F1 cross |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the trait that disappears in F1 and reappears in F2 generation |
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Term
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Definition
| appears in the F1 generation |
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Term
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Definition
| switch who's pollen is used from what parent , does not matter because yielded same results |
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Term
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Definition
| each plant has 2 particles for each character, one from each parent |
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Term
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Definition
| two copies of each heritable particle in an organism |
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Term
| what is another term for "particle" |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| totality of all genes in an organism |
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Term
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Definition
| different froms of a gene |
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Term
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Definition
| true-breeding individuals with 2 copies of the same allele |
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Term
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Definition
| individuals have two different alleles |
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Term
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Definition
| physical appearance of an organism |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| two copies of a gene separate when an individual makes gametes |
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Term
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Definition
| determines whether an individual is homozygous or heterozygous for a trait by crossing it with the homozygous recessive |
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Term
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Definition
| particular site on the chromosome |
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Term
| How many alleles at a locus? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| crossing the F1 generation = identical double heterozygotes |
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Term
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Definition
| result of new combinations |
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Term
| law of independent assortment |
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Definition
| alleles of different genes assort independently during gamete formation |
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Term
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Definition
| probability of 2 independent event happening together |
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Term
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Definition
| probability of an event that occur in 2 mutually exclusive ways |
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Term
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Definition
| used to determine wether a rare allele is dominant or recessive |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| allele present in most of the population |
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Term
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Definition
| locus with wild-type allele present less than 99% of the time |
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Term
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Definition
| some alleles are neither dominant nor recessive, but an intermediate phenotype |
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Term
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Definition
| two alleles at one locus produce phenotypes that are both present in the heterozygote |
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Term
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Definition
| a single allele can have multiple phenotypic effects |
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Term
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Definition
| phenotypic expression of one gene is influenced by another gene |
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Term
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Definition
| mating among close relatives, can result in offspring of low quality |
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Term
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Definition
| cross between two different true-breeding homozygotes that result in stronger, larger offspring |
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Term
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Definition
| proportion of individuals with a certain genotype that show the phenotype |
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Term
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Definition
| degree to which genotype is expressed in an individual |
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Term
| T or F Mendels characters were discrete and qualitative |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
phenotypes vary continuously over a range
-due to both genes and environment |
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Term
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Definition
| all loci on a chromosome form it and thus do not assort independently |
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Term
| Absolute linkage is rare T or F? |
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Definition
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Term
| Recombinant frequencies are greater for loci that are (farther or closer) ? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| each adult produces both male and female gametes |
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Term
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Definition
| male and female gametes are produced by different individuals |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| individual has only one sex chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| affects males and results in sterility and overlong limbs |
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Term
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Definition
| SRY gene on the Y chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| produces an anti-testis factor |
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Term
| secondary sex determination |
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Definition
| results in outward characteristics of each sex determined by autosomes and x chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| have only one copy of a gene |
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Term
| X or Y chromosome carry more information? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a character is governed by loci on the sex chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
-more often in males
-females are carriers |
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Term
| Mitochondria and plastids are inherited from mother of father? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| how bacteria exchange genes |
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Term
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Definition
| a projection that initiates contact between bacterial cells |
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Term
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Definition
| cytoplasmic bridge that forms between cells |
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Term
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Definition
| small circular extrachromosomal DNA |
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