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chapter 12
US History: Into the Twentieth Century
53
History
6th Grade
04/10/2013

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Term
The richest, most productive country in the world
Definition
By 1900, just 124 years after declaring independence from Britain, this is what the United States had become...
Term
The Five Major World Powers in 1900
Definition
The United States, Great Britain, France, Germany, and Russia.
Term
American Farmers in 1900
Definition
Produced everything necessary for feeding the entire nation.

Only extras like bananas, cocoa, coffee, tea, and pepper had to be imported from other countries.
Term
Name some of the sayings children heard that helped them to become honest, hard-working individuals who helped the country to continue to prosper.
Definition
*A penny saved is a penny earned.*
*Waste not, want not*
*Cleanliness is next to Godliness.*
*Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.*
*Honesty is the best policy*
*A stitch in time saves nine.*
*Never put off tomorrow what you can do today.*
*A man's word is his bond.*
Term
Who was the largest industrial nation in 1900?
Definition
The United States of America
Term
What does it mean for a country to be called industrialized?
Definition
Many people work in factories or businesses making and producing goods to be sold.
Term
What was the life expectancy in 1900? Life expectancy today?
Definition
1900 life expectancy: Men-46, Women-48
Today: Men-74, Women-79
Term
Why did people not live as long in 1900 as they do today?
Definition
Medical doctors did not know how to prevent or cure many diseases...and medical care was not advanced as it is today.
Term
Mary McLeod Bethune
Definition
Known as the first black woman to head a federal agency-

she was appointed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt as director of the Negro Affairs Division of the National Youth Administration.

She spent her life teaching young black children to read the Bible and founded schools, colleges, and hospitals, and associations for black Americans.
Term
This statement of loyalty to America was first published in 1892.
Definition
The Pledge Allegiance, or Flag Salute, by Francis Belamy.
It was first published in The Youth's Companion, a children's magazine.
It was printed in leaflet form and distributed to every school in America where children would recite it each day in school.
Term
By 1914, this country sent out more missionaries and gave more money to missions than an other country.
Definition
The United States of America
Term
What modes of transportation was used in the early 1900's?
Definition
Most people walked or rode horses, mules, bicycles, streetcars, steamships, or trains.

Most cars were powered by steam or electricity and only the very rich owned them. Henry Ford's Model T automobile from assembly line production didn't come until 1913.
Term
Three famous American gospel preachers who preached in the United States during the late 1800's and early 1900's.
Definition
1. D.L.Moody, America's greatest revivalist and evangelist
2. R. A. Torrey, Moody's assistant, ran the Chicago school that later became the Moody Bible Institute
3. Billy Sunday, conducted great revival campaigns
Term
What form of transportation increased the speed and efficiency of mail delivery?
Definition
The railroad
Term
Guglielmo Marconi
Definition
The inventor of the wireless telegraph
Term
Why did the United States lead the world in railroading?
Definition
The US led the world in steel production and were pioneers of modern business management allowing the early 1900's to become the golden age of the railroad.
Term
How many miles of railroad track were there in 1900?
Definition
Over 190,000 miles of track crisscrossed the country
Term
George Pullman
Definition
Designed the Pullman Sleeping cars for overnight passengers on passenger trains.
Term
How did standard time originate?
Definition
The railroads need to coordinate the schedules of their trains to prevent crashes. They came up with standard time and set each railroad engineers pocket watches to it. Before this time was base on the sun and differed from town to town.
Term
Casey Jones
Definition
Famous passenger railroad engineer that died holding on to the brake trying to stop the train before it slammed into the caboose of another train stuck on the tracks. His tale of bravery was told in folk tales and sung in ballads across the U.S.
Term
What toy was made in honor of the 26th President of the United States?
Definition
The Teddy Bear, because he refused to shoot a bear during a hunting trip.
Term
The first American to be awarded the Nobel Prize for peace.
Definition
President Theodore Roosevelt in 1906 received the Nobel Peace Prize because of his negotiations to end a war between Russia and Japan.
Term
Panama Canal
Definition
Open in 1914, all nations not at war with U.S. were allowed to use it. The U.S. purchased the small 10 mile wide strip of land in Panama and 40,000 people spent 10 years digging and building the canal to allow battleships to move from the Pacific to the Atlantic.
Term
Robert Peary
Definition
The leader of the first expedition to reach the North Pole. On April 6,1909, Robert Peary along with 4 Eskimos and Matthew Henson reach the North Pole.
Term
The Titanic
Definition
The "unsinkable" ocean liner that sank off the coast of Newfoundland in 1912.
Term
alliance
Definition
A promise between two or more countries to fight together against their enemies in time of war.
Term
Allied Powers or the Allies
Definition
The name for the group of countries that sided against Germany in World War I and World War II.
Term
Both of these wars began because of events that took place in Germany.
Definition
World War I ( 1914-198) and World War II (1939-1945)
Term
Kaiser Wilhelmina Ii
Definition
The ruler of Germany in 1914 when World War I broke out.
Term
The Central Powers
Definition
The countries that sided with Germany
Term
Neutral nations
Definition
The few countries that did not take any sides in the world wars
Term
How did World War I begin?
Definition
Archduke Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, and his wife were shot and killed while visiting Bosnia. The young man that assassinated them was working with the Serbian secret society of Serbia so Germany declared war on Serbia.
Term
Woodrow Wilson
Definition
President of the United States during World War I - kept the U.S. out of the war for the first 3 years..we were a neutral country.
Term
German U-Boat
Definition
An underwater boat or a submarine. The Germans used these to sink American ships trying to send supplies to England.
Term
The Lusitania
Definition
A British passenger boat that left New York headed for England with over 1000 people including 100 Americans...it was sunk by a German U-Boat which angered Americans.
Term
The Zimmerman Note
Definition
A German letter discovered by the British. In it Germany was asking Mexico to join the war and if they won, Germany was going to give them parts of the US! This enraged the US.
Term
After the Zimmerman letter, President Wilson declared the US would join the Aliies against Germany with this simple phrase...
Definition
"The world must be made safe for democracy."
Term
November 11th is Veteran's Day because of this...
Definition
On Nov 11th, 1918 the Central powers surrendered and World War I ended. Veterans Day honors our men who died for their country in any war.
Term
The Roaring Twenties
Definition
after World War I, a prosperous period in America of lots of jobs and opportunity. Manufacturing grew with new inventions such as the radio, washing machines, toasters, vacuums...that changed how Americans lived.
Term
Calvin Coolidge
Definition
First President to give his inaugural address over the radio.
Nicknamed "Silent Cal" because he did not talk much.
Term
Henry Ford's assembly line
Definition
Made cars cheaper by offering less choice and streamlining production to build cars quicker. Cars became affordable to more Americans.
Term
Charles Darwin
Definition
A British naturalist who rejected the Bible and said man came from animals. ( The Theory of Evolution )
Term
Fundamentalists
Definition
Christians who affirmed the fundamental truths of the Bible we're called Fundamentalist...95% of the churches were Fundamentalists in the 1920's.
Term
William Jennings Bryan
Definition
Famous lawyer who defended the Bible and won the case against evolution in the Scopes trail where a teacher was illegally teaching evolution in the classroom.
Term
Dr. Harry Rimmer
Definition
Spoke in the universities and wrote many books that effectively refuted the error of evolution.
Term
J.Gresham Machen
Definition
Greek professor from Princeton University who gave radio talks about the truth of the Bible and the falseness of modernism..
Term
The Great Depression
Definition
The years between 1929-1939 when the stock market crashed, banks ran out of money, factories closed and people lost their jobs. Many didn't have enough to eat...
Term
Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)
Definition
President during the Great Depression. he expanded government spending and expanded government programs to try to help Americans through the Great Depression.
Term
Preparing for World War II , these countries began enlarging their armies and navy...
Definition
Japan and Germany
Term
This event pulled America out of the Great Depression with jobs and booming factories again...
Definition
World War II
Term
Billy Sunday
Definition
American Fundamentalist preacher who preached to masses in America and England.
Term
G. Campbell Morgan, F.B. Meyer, and Gypsy Smith
Definition
English Fundamentalist preachers traveled back and forth from England to America preaching the Bible in the 1920s
Term
Eight men who fought against Evolution and for Biblical Principals
Definition
1. William Jennings Bryan (lawyer in Scopes trial)
2. Dr. Harry Rimmer (wrote books and spoke at universities)
3. J. Gresham Machen ( gave radio talks)
4. R.A. Torrey, (Moody 's assistant)
5. Billy Sunday(American preacher)
6. G. Campbell Morgan( English preacher)
7. Gypsy Smith (English preacher)
8. F.B.Meyer ( English preacher)
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