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| sigmoid colon (resembles S) |
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| -emesis (additional suffix) |
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| upper lateral regions beneath the ribs |
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| upper middle region below the sternum |
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| lower lateral groin regions |
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| an accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity |
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| frequent loose or liquid stools |
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| infrequent or incomplete bowel movements characterized by hardned dry stool that is difficult to pass |
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| gas in the stomach or intestines |
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| yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera, and other issues caused by excfessive bilirubin in the blood (jaundice = yellow) |
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| dark colored, tarry stool caused by old blood |
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| feeling of sick in the stomach |
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| inflammation of the parotid gland, also called mumps |
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| swollen, twisted veins in the esophagus that are especially susceptible to ulceration and hemorrhage |
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| inflammation of the esophagus |
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| gastroesophageal refulx disease (GERD) |
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| a backflow of contents of the stomach into the esophagus, often resulting from abnormal function of the lower esophageal sphincter, causing burning pain the in esophagus |
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| a sore on the mucous membrane of the stomach, duodenum, or any other part of the gstrointestinal system exposed to gastric juices, commonly caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria |
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| ulcer located in the stomach |
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| ulcer located in the duodenum |
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| inflammation of the stomach in small intestine |
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| inflammation of small intestine |
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| inflammation of the colon (large intestine) |
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| chronic inflammation of the colon along with ulcerations |
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| presence of diverticula in the gastrointestinal tract, especially the bowel |
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| inflammation of the diverticula |
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| inflammation of the appendix |
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| protrusion of a part from its normal location |
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| protrusion of part of the stomach upward through the opening in the diaphragm |
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| protrusion of a loop of the intestine through the layers of the abdominal wall in the inquinal region |
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| protrusion of the intestine through a weakness in the abdominal wall around the umbilicus (navel) |
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| prolapse of one part of the intestine into the lumen of the adjoining part |
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| twisting of the bowel on itself, causing obstruction |
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| multiple polyps in the intestine and rectum with a high potential for becoming malignant |
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| swollen, twisted vein (varicosity) in the anal region |
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| swollen, twisted vein (varicosity) in the anal region |
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| inflammation of the peritoneum |
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| inflammation of the liver |
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| infectious inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV) usually transmitted orally through fecal contamination of food or water |
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| inflammation of th eliver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is transmitted sexually or by exposure to contaminated blood or body fluids. |
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| inflammation of the liver caused by the hep C virus (HCV); transmitted by exposure to infected blood |
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| chronic disease characterizsed by degeneration of the liver tissue most often caused by alcoholism or a nutritional deficiency |
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| inflammation of the gallbladder |
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| presence of stones in the gallbladder or bile ducts |
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| inflammation of the pancreas |
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| examination within a body cavity with a flexible endoscope for diagnosis ot treatment; used in the gastrointestinal tract to detect abnormalities and perform procedures such as biopsy excision of lesions, dilation of narrowed areas, and removal of swallowed objects |
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| examination of the colon using a flexible colonoscope |
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| x-ray of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum after the patient has swallowed a contrast medium (barium is the most commonly used) |
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| x-ray of the esophagus only, often used to locate swallowed objects |
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| lower GI series barium enema |
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| x-ray of the colon after administration of an enema containing a contrast medium |
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| ultrasound image of the abdomen to detect disease or deformaity in organs |
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| a chemical test of a stoll specimen to detect the presence of blood; positive findings indicate bleeding in the GI tract. |
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| partial or complete removal of the stomach |
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| incision into the stomach |
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| excision of the gallbladder |
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| oral insertion of a tube into the stomach for examination and treatment, such as to remove blood clots from the stomach or monitor bleeding |
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| insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach for various purposes, such as to obtain a gastric fluid specimen for analysis |
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| drug that neutralizes stomach acid |
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| a drug that prevents or stops vomiting |
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| drug that decreases motility in gastrointestinal tract to arrest spasm or diarrhea |
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| drug that causes movement of the bowels, also called a laxative |
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