Term
|
Definition
Temple of Portunus
Roman Republic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Temple of Vesta
Tholos Temple
Tivoli, Italy
Roman Republic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Head of an Old Man
from Osimo
Roman Republic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Portrait of a Roman General
Roman Republic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Funerary Relief with Gessii Portraits
Roman Republic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Relief with Funerary Procession
Roman Republic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pompeii Amphitheater
Roman Republic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Brawl in the Pompeii Amphitheater
Wall Painting
Roman Republic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Atrium, House of the Vettii
Pompeii
Roman Republic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
First style Wall Painting
Pompeii
Roman Republic
imitates costly marble (1st style) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dionysiac Mystery Frieze
Second Style Wall Paintings
Pompeii
illusion of an imaginary3-D world (2nd style) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Second Style
Cubiculum M
Villa of Publius Fannius Synistor
Pompeii
Illusion of an imaginary space (2nd style) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gardenscape
Second Style
Villa of Livia
Primaporta, Italy
illusion of an imaginary 3-D world (2nd style) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Detail of Third Style
Cubiculum 15
Boscotrecase, Italy
delicate linear qualities, monochromatic background
(3rd style) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fourth Style
Golden House of Nero
Rome, Italy
Similar to 3rd style but views through the wall are of
irrational architectural vistas. (4th style) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ixion Room
House of Vettii
Pompeii
4th style
Similar to Third Style but with irrational architectural views (4th style) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Portrait of a Husband and Wife
Pompeii, Italy
Roman Republic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Constantine the Great
325AD
part of a 40ft. tall statue: "Colossus of Constantine" size of head = 8'6"
propaganda piece
glorified facial features |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Basilica Trier
310AD
converted into Tower of the Archbishop of Trier
arches
it's located in Trier, Germany (shows expanse of Roman Empire) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tetrarchs
300AD
made of Egyptian stone: porphyry (reserved for imperial use)
shows four disproportional figures
imperial unity
militaristic outfits, but proclaims a kind of peace |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Equestrian Marcus Aurelius
176AD
two versions: original & bronze casting
"peace-bringer"
powerful, but not imposing/militaristic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pantheon
125AD
concrete dome
3rd temple to be built on this spot
front columns were quarried in Egypt
part of a town square
originally a temple for all gods, converted into a church, now holds the tomb of Raphael, artist, and the tombs of many Italian kings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hadrian's Villa
120AD
first a retreat for emp. hadrian, but then he finished out his rule from the villa
30 buildings on 250acres
architecture influenced by Greeks & Egyptians; caryatids & Egyptian fertility gods |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Column of Trajan
115AD
continuous pictorial narrative of the Dacian campaigns
125' tall
natural & architectural elements in scenes are small so important figures are emphasized (esp. Trajan)
idealized. Romans look great. Enemies look poor. Hardships of war were not shown. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Markets of Trajan
110AD
built by Apollodorus of Damascus
used to have 6 stories
top = offices, bottom = market activity
shops were called "tabernaes"
had an arched concrete vault roof that stood on piers that let light in, but protected people from the weather |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pont du Gard
100AD
aqueduct that brought 100+ gallons of water for each person every day
built when empire was at pinnacle
took 12 years to build |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rch of Titus
81AD
built by Titus' brother
dedicated to Titus & to commemorate the Jewish War Victory
triumphal procession & inscription
a lot of it is bronze and the reliefs were colored |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Colosseum
80AD
80 arched entrances, 55,000 spectators
royals sit at bottom, peasants crowded at top
drainage system, raised foundation, retractable awning
lots of planning!
amphitheater |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ara Pacis, Allegory of Peace
13BCE
altar of peace (augustus)
animals in foreground, etchings in background
woman= goddess, tellus (earth) modern day Mother Earth? = fertility? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ara Pacis, Imperial Procession
13BCE
individuals = specific (not idealized)
senate members, augustus, some of his family members
figures going west, giving thanks to augustus for bringing peace |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Maison Carree
16BCE
located in forum
architecture influenced by greeks (vesuvian architecture;vesuvius)
ex. corinthian columns, pediment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Livia
20BCE
Wife of Augustus (her second husband)
discovered in villa of mysteries
arm across chest = traditional roman gesture
commanding presence, strong realistic features |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Initiation Into the Cult of Bacchus/
Villa of Mysteries
60BCE
Frescoes
Dionysus = Bacchus
cult = parties, enjoyment, indulgent
Wedding practices/ritual? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Temple of Portunus
75BCE
dedicated to god Portunus (of livestock)
used to be on river port and watch the cattle barges arrive
872AD: converted into a church |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Aulus Metellus
150BCE
"The Orator"
Aulus Metellus was a Roman official
authoritative & persuasive pose
placed atop a column
wears leather boots & toga: chracteristic of a Roman official |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
House of the Silver Wedding
200BCE
built for royal couple's wedding anniversary
focus on design & beauty
it's very organized
large atrium, reflecting pool, gardens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Porta Augusta
200BCE
City gate of Perugia
semicircular barrel vault
decorative (roundels)
like Greek Doric frieze metopes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Baths of Caracalla
210BCE
dedicated to Roman emp Caracalla
public baths
designed symmetrically
got water from aqueducts till 537AD when Goths destroyed them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Temple of Fortuna Virilis (Temple of Portuna)
D: ca. 75 BCE
P/S: Roman Republic Period |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Temple of Vesta Tivoli
D: Early First Century B.C.E.
P/S: Roman Republic Period |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Head of a Roman Patriarch
D: 75-50 B.C.E.
P/S: Roman Republic Period |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Aerial View of the Forum of Pompeii
D: Second century B.C.E. and later
P/S: Pompeii/Created by the Samnites |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dionysiac Mystery Frieze
D: ca. 60-50 B.C.E.
P/S: Roman Republic/Pompeii/"Second Style Wall Paintings" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fourth Style Wall Paintings in the Ixion Room (Triclinium P)
D: ca. 70-79 C.E. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Portrait of a husband and wife
D: ca. 70-79 C.E.
P/S: Pompeii |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The portion of a basilica flanking the nave and separated from it by a row of columns or piers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Greek, “double theater.” A Roman building type resembling two Greek theaters put together. The Roman amphitheater featured a continuous elliptical cavea around a central arena. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Elevated to the rank of gods, or the ascent to heaven. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A recess, usually semicircular, in the wall of a Roman basilica or at the east end of a church. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A series of arches supported by piers or columns. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A curved structural member that spans an opening and is generally composed of wedge-shaped blocks (voussoirs) that transmit the downward pressure laterally.See also thrust. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The court of a Roman house that is partly open to the sky. Also the open, colonnaded court in front of and attached to a Christian basilica. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In Roman architecture, a civic building for legal and other civic proceedings, rectangular in plan with an entrance usually on a long side. In Christian architecture, a church somewhat resembling the Roman basilica, usually entered from one end and with an apse at the other. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An exterior masonry structure that opposes the lateral thrust of an arch or a vault. A pier buttress is a solid mass of masonry; a flying buttress consists typically of an inclined member carried on an arch or a series of arches and a solid buttress to which it transmits lateral thrust. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The hot-bath section of a Roman bathing establishment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An ancient Roman temple dedicated to the gods Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The north-south street in a Roman town, intersecting the decumanus at right angles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Roman military encampment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Subterranean networks of rock-cut galleries and chambers designed as cemeteries for the burial of the dead. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Latin, “hollow place or cavity.” The seating area in ancient Greek and Roman theaters and amphitheaters. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The chamber at the center of an ancient temple; in a classical temple, the room (Greek, naos) in which the cult statue usually stood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A small spatula used in encaustic painting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The three initial letters (chi-rho-iota) of Christ’s name in Greek (?-?-?), which came to serve as a monogram for Christ. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A sunken panel, often ornamental, in a vault or a ceiling. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A capital combining Ionic volutes and Corinthian acanthus leaves, first used by the ancient Romans. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A building material invented by the Romans and consisting of various proportions of lime mortar, volcanic sand, water, and small stones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In painting or sculpture, the convention of the same figure appearing more than once in the same space at different stages in a story. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In masonry construction, a horizontal row of stone blocks. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A small cubicle or bedroom that opened onto the atrium of a Roman house. Also, a chamber in an Early Christian catacomb that served as a mortuary chapel. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Roman decree condemning those who ran afoul of the Senate. Those who suffered damnatio memoriae had their memorials demolished and their names erased from public inscriptions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The east-west street in a Roman town, intersecting the cardo at right angles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ritual circling of a Roman funerary pyre. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The standard Roman silver coin from which the word penny ultimately derives. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of the stacked cylindrical stones that form the shaft of a column; the cylindrical wall that supports a dome. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A painting technique in which pigment is mixed with wax and applied to the surface while hot. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Recessed area, usually semicircular. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Latin, “throat.” In a Roman house, the narrow foyer leading to the atrium. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The earliest style of Roman mural painting. Also called the Masonry Style, because the aim of the artist was to imitate, using painted stucco relief, the appearance of costly marble panels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The public square of an ancient Roman city. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In Roman mural painting, the Fourth Style marks a return to architectural illusionism, but the architectural vistas of the Fourth Style are irrational fantasies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Roman social class that included small farmers, merchants, and freed slaves. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Latin, “chief priest.” The high priest of the Roman state religion, often the emperor himself. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In Roman architecture, a pseudoperipteral temple has a series of engaged columns all around the sides and back of the cella to give the appearance of a peripteral colonnade. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In Roman architecture, a freestanding arch commemorating an important event, such as a military victory or the opening of a new road. In Christian architecture, the arch framing the apse at the end of a church nave. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In a Roman amphitheater, the cloth awning that could be rolled down from the top of the cavea to shield spectators from sun or rain. |
|
|
