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•the main tissue in the heart
•in the walls of hollow organs
•makes up nearly half the body’s mass |
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| attached to skeleton; moves body by moving the bones |
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| squeezes fluids and other substances through hollow organs |
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| Muscle helps with the maintenance of _____?____ and enables the body to remain sitting or standing |
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muscle contractions produce __?____;and
help maintain normal body temperature |
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| muscle stabilizes the __?____ |
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| Muscle's _____?____ allows long cells to shorten and generate pulling force |
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| electrical nerve impulse stimulates the muscle cell to contract, this describes muscle's __?____ |
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| Muscle can be stretched back to its original length by contraction of an opposing muscle, therefore it has __?___. |
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| can recoil after being stretched, therefore it has ____?______ |
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| •Makes up 40% of body weight; cells are striated |
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| occurs only in the walls of the heart |
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| occupies the walls of hollow organs; cells lack striations |
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| Muscle contraction depends on two types of ___?____ that generate contractile force |
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| what are the two types of myofilaments that generate contractile force? |
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| protein that makes up thin filaments |
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| protein that makes up thick filaments |
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| the plasma membrane in muscle cells is also known as the ___?____ |
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| the cytoplasm in muscle cells is also known as the ____?______ |
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| the Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in muscle cells is also known as the ____?______ |
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| Cells of skeletal and smooth muscles are known as ____?______ |
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Each muscle is a(n) ____?____ ; consists
mostly of muscle also contains: connective tissue; blood vessels; nerves |
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| What binds a skeletal muscle and its fibers together? |
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dense irregular connective tissue surrounding entire muscle
(C.T. sheath) |
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surrounds each fascicle (group of muscle fibers)
(C.T. sheath) |
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a fine sheath of connective tissue wrapping each muscle cell
(C.T. sheath) |
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| Connective tissue sheaths are continuous with ___?____ |
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| Each skeletal muscle supplied by how many nerves and arteries? |
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| interface between nerve and muscle fiber |
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| the Neuromuscular junction signals what? |
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| the one nerve of skeletal muscle ____?_____ repeatedly |
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individual muscle fibers
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| Smallest nerve branches serve ____?______ |
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| Most skeletal muscles run from ______ to _______ |
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| In skeletal muscle, One bone will move while other bone __?____ |
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| less movable attachment in skeletal muscle |
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| more movable attachment in skeletal muscle |
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| Muscles attach to origins and insertions by _____?________ |
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| connective tissue fibers that are short |
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| when C.T. forms tendons these are called .... |
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| skeletal muscle fibers long and ____?______ |
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| skeletal muscle fibers are huge cells and have a diameter of _?__ |
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| several centimeters to dozens of cm |
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| what is the length range of skeletal muscle fibers ? |
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| Each muscle cell/fiber formed by fusion of ____?________ |
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| Nuclei on skeletal muscle Cells are located ____?______ |
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| skeletal muscle cells have more than one nucleus, therefore they are ____?____ |
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| Striations result from internal structure of _____?______ |
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| long rods within cytoplasm of skeletal muscle cells |
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| Myofibrils Make up __?___% of the cytoplasm in skeletal muscle cells |
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| Myofibrils are Like a specialized ____?____ found in muscle tissue |
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| Myofibrils are of composed of A long row of repeating segments called ____?_____ |
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| contraction of skeletal muscle |
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| sarcomeres are the basic unit of ___________?__________ |
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| boundaries of each sarcomere |
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| these things extend from Z disc toward the center of the sarcomere |
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| located in the center of the sarcomere |
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| Overlaping ends of the thick and thin filaments contain ____?____ |
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| A bands, H zone , M line , I band |
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| Sarcomere Structure contains four regions/sections |
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full length of the thick filament
•Includes inner end of thin filaments |
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| center part of A band where no thin filaments occur |
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in center of H zone
•Contains tiny rods that hold thick filaments together |
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region with only thin filaments
•Lies within two adjacent sarcomeres |
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Myosin heads attach to
actin in the thin filaments
Then pivot to pull thin
filaments inward toward the center of the sarcomere |
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Occurs exclusively in heart wall
Striated like skeletal muscle |
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| sliding filament mechanism |
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| Cardiac Muscle Tissue Contracts by _____ _______ ________. |
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| Single Cardiac Muscle cells are not ___?___ like skeletal muscle |
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Cardiac Muscle Cells are branched
they Join at ______ _______ which are complex junctions to Form cellular networks. |
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| Each Cardiac Muscle cell contains one or two ___?___ - located nuclei |
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| Intercalated discs in Cardiac Muscle are types of ______?______ |
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| Intercalated discs are where _____?_________ interlock |
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| Desmosomes, Fasciae adherans, and Gap junctions |
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| what are the three types of cell junctions in Cardiac Muscle tissue? |
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| long desmosome-like junctions |
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| Not all ___?____ cells are innervated |
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| cardiac cells Will contract in rhythmic manner without __?_____ |
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| ______?_______ is the basis for rhythmic heartbeat |
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| Found in the walls of visceral organs |
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| Smooth Muscle Tissue is found in the walls of which vessels? |
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| respiratory tubes and digestive tubes |
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| Smooth Muscle Tissue is found in ______ tubes and ______ tubes |
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| urinary organs and reproductive organs |
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| Smooth Muscle Tissue is found in __?___ organs and__?__organs |
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| Smooth Muscle Tissue is also found inside the _ _ _ |
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| Smooth Muscle Cells are ___?___ -shaped |
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| Smooth Muscle Cells Contain one ___?____ located nucleus |
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| Smooth Muscle Cells are Separated by _____?______ |
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| Smooth Muscle Cells are Grouped into sheets in walls of __?____ organs |
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| Layer in which muscle fibers run parallel to an organ’s long axis |
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| Layer in which muscle fibers run around circumference of the organ |
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| Both layers (Longitudinal layer & Circular layer) participate in _?__ |
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| non-striated and contain no sarcomeres |
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| Smooth Muscle Cells are non-__?____ and contain no ____?____ |
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| ____?_____ and ___?_____ filaments are present in Smooth Muscle Cells |
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tiny infoldings of the sarcolemma
•they Help spread electrical signal |
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| Smooth Muscle is slow and ___?____ |
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| Smooth Muscle Takes __?___ times longer to contract than skeletal muscle |
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| Smooth Muscle maintains ___?____ force for a long time |
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| Smooth Muscle is innervated by ___?____ nervous system |
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| How many smooth muscle fibers are innervated in each sheet? |
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| Impulse in smooth muscle spreads through |
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| a _____?_____ of smooth muscle contracts as a unit |
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| Cardiac Muscle Tissue forms a thick layer called ____?_______ |
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| Cardiac Muscle and skeletal muscle |
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| Which two Muscle Tissues are striated? |
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