Term
| Urbanization becomes important dimension of the world-system |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 events closely linked to urbanization |
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Definition
| European imperialism and industrial revolution |
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Term
| Why industrialization required urbanization (4 reasons) |
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Definition
| Demand for labor, capital, transportation and markets could only be met in cities |
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Term
| Shock cities (2 examples) |
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Definition
a city that is seen as the embodiment of surprising and disturbing changes in economic, social, and cultural life
- Manchester and Chicago |
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Term
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Definition
| whose fundamental reason for existence was to assemble raw materials and to fabricate, assemble, and distribute manufactured goods |
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Definition
| cities in which a disproportionate part of the world’s most important business - economic, political, and cultural - is conducted |
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Definition
those that were deliberately established or developed as administrative or commercial centers by colonial or imperial powers
* location: - where no settlement previously existed
- added to existing urban settlements
* urban model: often based on urban models from the colonizing country |
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Definition
Link settlements together
Are organized hierarchically |
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Term
| Central place/Central place theory |
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Definition
· A central place: a settlement in which certain types of products and services are available to consumers
· Central place theory: explains the relative size & spacing of towns and cities based on people’s shopping behavior
- Why are cities located where they are?
- Why are they the size that they are? |
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Term
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Definition
There is often a relationship between the size of cities
and their rank in the overall hierarchy:
the rank-size rule – the nth largest city in a country/region is 1/n
the size of the largest city
- In some urban systems, the largest city is
disproportionately larger than the rank-size rule would
suggest (primate city: can be in core or periphery, the largest city in a state is bigger than the rank-size rule would predict/can be gateway cities when found in the periphery) |
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Term
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Definition
When a city’s economic, political, and cultural functions
are disproportionate to its population, the condition is
known as centrality |
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Term
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Definition
1/2 of the world's population is urbanized/what is considered urban in one area is not considered urban in another
Today, the periphery is organizing much faster than the core
Urbanization in periphery largely results from population increases and not increased agricultural efficiency |
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Term
| Deindustrialization/counter urbanization |
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Definition
Deindustrialization - decrease in industrial employment and industry
Counter urbanization - people moving to rural areas from urban ones |
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Term
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Definition
Not necessarily world cities
Large size
Usually primate with high degree of centrality
Link local and national economies with global economy
Link formal and informal sectors |
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Definition
| Takes place off official record |
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Term
| Urbanization in core regions |
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Definition
Stimulated by increase in agricultural activity
Increasing food supply
Decreasing number of farmers
Urbanization led to increase in argicultural machinery
Urban areas grew with agricultural increase |
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Term
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Definition
the fragmentation of the economic, social, and material fabric of cities as a result of the selective impact of new technologies and networked information and communications infrastructures
World cities and major cities are usually the primary beneficiaries |
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