Skeletal

Cardiac

Smooth

Voluntary

striated

Involuntary

Heart muscle

striated

Involuntary

Visceral (lines organs)

nonstraiated

stimulated by nerves

(iritability)

eimysium

fuses directly to the periosteum of the bone

tendon: ropelike, dense fibrous "anchor"

aponeurosis: sheetlike, fibrous 'anchor'

Skeletal Muscle

Connective tissue

sheaths

dense irregular reticular fibers

epimysium

Endomysium

Perimysium

Blood vessel

striated Muscle controled by the Somatic nervous system

Linked to bone by tendons muscle fibers

contain Actin and myosin myofibrils

Plasma membrane of a muscle fiber

Function: Surrounds muscle fiber and regulates entry and exit of materials

Cytoplasm of muscle fiber

Function: site of metabolic processes for normal muscle fiber activities

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum in a muscle fiber

Function: Stores calcium ions needed for muscle contraction

is a muscle whose actions oppose those of the agonist.

If the agonist produces extension, the antagonist produces flexion

In biology, a syncytium (plural syncytia, also spelt syncitium) is a large cell-like structure filled with cytoplasm containing many nuclei.

The syncytium of skeletal muscle is important because it allows rapid coordinated contraction of muscles along their entire length.

Muscle Fiber Surround By _______

Contains_________

endonysium

myofibrils

sarcoplasmic reticulum

sarcomeres (Z line to Z line)

Attaches actin

Attaches tropomyosin

Provides a binding site for calcium

1) ACh released, binding to receptors

2) Action potential reaches T tubule

3) Sarcoplasmic reticulum releases Ca2+

4) Active-site exposure, cross-bridge formation

5) Contraction begins

6) ACh removed by AChE

7) Sarcoplasmic reticulum recaptures Ca2+

8) Active sites covered, no cross-bridge interation

9) contraction ends

10) relaxation occurs, passive return to resting length

Extended tendon

Extensor digitorum muscle

Same side of tendon

rectus femoris muscle

both sides of tendon

found in hollow organs (except the heart)

Lacks connective tissue sheath

does have limited endomysium

Thick and thin filaments arranged diagonally

Smooth Muscle

Inner circular layer

Smooth Muscle

outer longitudinal layer

erector spinae

transversospinalis

interspinales

intertranversarii

quadratus loborum

External

inernal intercostals

transversus thoracis

diaphragm

Often called extraocular muscles

Move the eyes

Are termed extrinsic because they originate withing the orbit and insert onto the sclera

rectus muscles

 medial lateral

inferior superior

Oblique muscles

inferior and superior

pectoralis minor

serratus anterior

subclavius

levator scapulae,

rhomboid major,

rhomboid minor,

trapezius

glenohumeral joint

pectoralis major

latissiums dorsi

pronator teres

palmaris longus

flexor carpi radialis

flexor carpi ulnaris

flexor digitorum superficialis

flexor digitorum profundus

flexor pollicis longus

pronator quadratus

brachioradialis

extensor carpi radialis longus

extensor carpi radialis brevis

extensor digitorum

extensor digiti minimi

extensor carpi ulnaris

deep invaginations of the sarcolemma that extend into the sarcoplasm of skeletal muscle fibers as a network of narrow membranous tubules

helps stimulate and corrdinate muslce contractions