Term
| Name the pathology: Abnormal accumulation of fluid (CSF) in the brain. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts (neural tube defect) |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive mental deterioration (dementia), personality changes, and impairment of daily functioning. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem. |
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Definition
| ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) |
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Term
| Name the pathology: Chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Hereditary disorder marked by degenerative changes in the cerebrum leading to abrupt involuntary movements and mental deterioration. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic (hard) tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Paralysis (partial or complete loss of motor function) |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia, occurring in later life and leading to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement. |
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Definition
| Parkinson disease (parkinsonism) |
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Term
| Name the pathology: Involuntary, spasmodic, twitching movements; uncontrollable vocal sounds; and inappropriate words. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the disorder: Viral infection affecting peripheral nerves. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the disorder: Inflammation of the meninges; leptomeningitis |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the disorder: Brain disease and dementia occurring with AIDS |
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Definition
| human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy |
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Term
| Name the disorder: Abnormal growth of brain tissue and meninges |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the disorder: Temporary brain dysfunction (brief loss of consciousness) after injury, usually clearing within 24 hours. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the disorder: Bruising of brain tissue as a result of direct trauma to the head; neurologic deficits persist longer than 24 hours. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the disorder: Disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke |
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Definition
| cerebrovascular accident (CVA) |
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Term
| Name the disorder: severe, recurring, unilateral, vascular headache |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the laboratory test: Samples of CSF are examined. |
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Definition
| cerebrospinal fluid analysis |
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Term
| Name the clinical procedure: X-ray imaging of the arterial blood vessel in the brain after injection of contrast material. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the clinical procedure: X-ray technique that generates computerized multiple images of the brain and spinal cord. |
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Definition
| computed tomography (CT) of the brain |
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Term
| Name the clinical procedure: myelography |
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Definition
| X-ray imaging of the spinal canal after injection of contrast medium into the subarachnoid space. |
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Term
| Name the clinical procedure: Magnetic field and pulses of radiowave energy create images of the brain and spinal cord. |
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Definition
| MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) |
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Term
| Name the clinical procedure: Radioactive glucose in injected and then detected in the brain to image the metabolic activity of cells. |
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Definition
| PET (positron emission tomography) scan |
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Term
| Name the clinical procedure: Sound waves detect blood flow in the carotid and intracranial arteries. |
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Definition
| Doppler ultrasound studdies |
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Term
| Name the clinical procedure: Recording of the electrical activity of the brain. |
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Definition
| EEG (electroencephalography) |
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Term
| Name the clinical procedure: CSF is withdrawn from between two lumbar vertebrae for analysis |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the clinical procedure: Use of a specialized instrument to locate and treat targets in the brain. |
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Definition
| stereotactic radiosurgery |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: AD |
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Definition
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: AFP |
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Definition
| alpha-fetoprotein (elevated levels in amniotic fluid and maternal blood are associated with congenital malformations of the nervous system, such as anencephaly and spina bifida) |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: ALS |
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Definition
| amyotropic lateral sclerosis - Lou Gehrig disease |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: AVM |
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Definition
| arteriovenous malformation (congential tangle of arteries and veins in the cerebrum |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: CNS |
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Definition
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: CSF |
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Definition
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: CT |
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Definition
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: CVA |
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Definition
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: EEG |
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Definition
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: GABA |
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Definition
| gamma-aminobutyric acid (neurotransmitter) |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: ICP |
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Definition
| intracranial pressure (normal pressure is 5 to 15 mm Hg) |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: LP |
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Definition
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: MAC |
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Definition
| monitored anesthetic care |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: MG |
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Definition
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: MRA |
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Definition
| magnetic resonance angiography |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: MRI |
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Definition
| magnetic resonance imaging |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: MS |
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Definition
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: 1/2P |
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Definition
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: PCA |
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Definition
| patient-controlled anesthesia |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: PET |
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Definition
| positron emission tomography |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: PNS |
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Definition
| peripheral nervous system |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: PSRS |
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Definition
| proton stereotactic radiosurgery |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: Sz |
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Definition
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: TBI |
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Definition
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: TENS |
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Definition
| transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (technique using a battery-powered device to relieve acute and chronic pain) |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: TIA |
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Definition
| transient ischemic attack |
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: TLE |
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Definition
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Term
| Extend the abbreviation: tPA |
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Definition
| tissue plasminogen activator (a clot-dissolving drug used as therapy for stroke) |
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Term
| Name the pathology: Destruction of myelin sheath (demyelination) and its replacement by hard plaques |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Sudden, transient disturbances of brain function cause seizures. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: The spinal column is imperfectly joined ( a split in a vertebra occurs), and part of the meninges and spinal cord can herniate out of the spinal cavity. |
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Definition
| myelomeningocele (a form of spina bifida) |
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Term
| Name the pathology: Atrophy of muscles and paralysis caused by damage to motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem |
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Definition
| ALS (amyotropic lateral sclerosis) |
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Term
| Name the pathology: Patient displays bizarre, abrupt, involuntary, dance-like movenments, as well as deline in mental functions |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the head (in the ventricles of the brain) |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Loss of muscle strength due to the inability of a neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) to transmit impulses from nerve cells to muscle cells |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Degeneration of nerves in the basal ganglia occur in later life, leading to tremors, shuffling gait, and muscle stiffness; dopamine (neurotransmitter) is deficient in the brain |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Deterioration of mental capacity (dementia); autopsy shows cerebral cortex atrophy, widening of cerebral sulci, and microscopic neurofibrillary tangles |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the pathology: Unilateral facial paralysis |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the meaning of the term astrocytoma |
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Definition
| tumor of neuroglial brain cells (astrocytes) |
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Term
| Give the meaning of the term pyogenic meningitis |
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Definition
| inflammation of the meninges (bacterial infection with pus formation) |
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Term
| Give the meaning of the term Tourette syndrome |
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Definition
| involuntary spasmodic, twitching movements (tics), uncontrollable vocal sounds, and inappropriate word |
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Term
| Give the meaning of the term cerebral contusion |
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Definition
| temporary brain dysfunction; loss of consciousness that usually clears within 24 hours |
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Term
| Give the meaning of the term herpes zoster |
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Definition
| neurologic condition caused by infection with herpes zoster virus; blisters form along the course of peripheral nerves |
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Term
| Give the meaning of the term cerebral embolus |
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Definition
| blockage of a blood vessel in the cerebrum caused by material from another part of the body that suddenly occludes the vessel. |
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Term
| Give the meaning of the term cerebral thrombosis |
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Definition
| blockage of a blood vessel in the cerebrum caused by the formation of a clot within the vessel. |
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Term
| Give the meaning of the term cerebral hemorrhage |
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Definition
| bursting forth of blood from a cerebral artery (can cause a stroke) |
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Term
| Give the meaning of the term cerebral aneurysm |
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Definition
| widening of a blood vessel (artery) in the cerebrum; the aneurysm can burst and lead to a CVA. |
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Term
| Give the meaning of the term HIV encephalopathy |
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Definition
| brain disease (dementia and encephalitis) caused by infection with AIDS virus |
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Term
| Give the meaning of the term cerebrovascular accident |
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Definition
| disruption of the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke or cerebral infarction |
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Term
| Give the meaning of the term cerebral concussion |
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Definition
| temporary brain dysfunction; loss of consciousness that usually clears within 24 hours |
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Term
| Give the term: lack of nerve strength |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the term: inability to speak |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the term: inability to perform purposeful actions |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the term: condition of insensitivity to pain |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the term: condition of loss of sensation |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the term: sensations of tingling, numbness, or "pins and needles" |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the term: lack of coordination |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the term: excessive movement |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the term: abnormal, involuntary, spasmodic movements |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the term: reading, writing, and learning disorders |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the term: partial paralysis |
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Definition
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