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Chapter 10
Nicotine and Tobacco Use
27
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 3
02/18/2013

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Cards

Term
Snuff
Definition
A quantity of finely shredded or powdered tobacco. Modern forms of snuff are available in either dry or moist forms.
Term
Snuffing
Definition
The ingestion of snuff either by inhalation or by absorption through tissue in the nose.
Term
Cigars
Definition
Tightly rolled quantities of dried tobacco leaves.
Term
Cigarettes
Definition
Rolls of shredded tobacco wrapped in paper, today usually fitted at the mouth end with a filter.
Term
Sidestream Smoke
Definition
Tobacco smoke that is inhaled by nonsmokers from the burning cigarettes of nearby smokers. Also referred to as environmental tobacco smoke.
Term
Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS).
Definition
Tobacco smoke in the atmosphere as a result of burning cigarettes; also called sidestream or secondary smoke.
Term
Mainstream Smoke
Definition
The smoke inhaled directly from cigarettes or other tobacco products.
Term
Particulate Phase
Definition
Those components of smoke that consist of particles.
Term
Tar
Definition
A sticky material found in the particulate phase of tobacco smoke and other pollutants in the air.
Term
Gaseous Phase
Definition
The portion of tobacco smoke that consists of gasses.
Term
Carbon Monoxide
Definition
An extremely toxic gas that prevents blood cells from carrying oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
Term
Cilia
Definition
Small hair cells.
Term
Ciliary Escalator
Definition
The pushing of inhaled foreign particles, which might interfere with breathing, upward from the air passages into the throat, where they can be swallowed and excreted through the gastrointestinal tract.
Term
Nicotine
Definition
The prime psychoactive drug in tobacco products.
Term
Titration Hypothesis
Definition
The idea that smokers will adjust their smoking of cigarettes in such a way as to maintain a steady input of nicotine into the body.
Term
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
Definition
Disease that damages the heart as a result of a restriction of blood flow through coronary arteries.
Term
Arteriosclerosis
Definition
A disease in which blood flow is restricted because the walls of arteries harden and lose their elasticity.
Term
Atherosclerosis
Definition
A disease in which blood flow is restricted because of the buildup of fatty deposits inside arteries.
Term
Ischemic
Definition
A disease in which there is an interruption of or reduction in blood flow to the brain, causing paralysis, sensory loss, cognitive deficits, or a combination of neuropsychological effects.
Term
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Definition
A group of diseases characterized by impaired breathing due to an abnormality in the air passages.
Term
Chronic Bronchitis
Definition
A respiratory disease involving inflammation of bronchial tissue following a buildup of excess mucus in air passages.
Term
Emphysema
Definition
An enlargement of air sacs in the lungs and abnormalities in the air sac walls, causing great difficulty in breathing.
Term
Carcinomas
Definition
Cancerous tumors or growths.
Term
Leukoplakia
Definition
Small white spots inside the mouth and nasal cavity, indicating pre-cancerous tissue.
Term
Erythroplakia
Definition
Small red spots inside the mouth and nasal cavity, indicating pre-cancerous tissue.
Term
Nitrosamines
Definition
A group of carcinogenic compounds found in tobacco.
Term
Moist Snuff
Definition
Damp, finely shredded tobacco, placed inside the cheek or alongside the gum under the lower lip.
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