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Chapter 1 Vocab
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41
Sociology
12th Grade
08/29/2010

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Term
sociological perspective
Definition
How groups influence ppl, the ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and larger groups
Term
social location
Definition
group memberships ppl have b/c of location in society and history. Shapes ppl's ideas and desires b/c of being put in a certain group.
Term
anthropology
Definition
studies cultures pasts, presents, and future
Term
economics
Definition
study of money
Term
psychology
Definition
the study of the individual
Term
sociology
Definition
the study of groups and social behavior
Term
political science
Definition
study of organization and operation of government
Term
Emile Durkheim
Definition
French, showed how social forces affect behavior. Beleived the more integrated you are in society the less likely you are to commit suicide.
Term
Max Weber
Definition
German, religion and the origins of capatilism
Term
Karl Marx
Definition
German, Engine of human history is class conflict, didn't consider himself a sociologist
Term
Auguste Comte
Definition
First founder of sociology and came up w/ positivism
Term
W.E.B. DuBois
Definition
American, concerned w/ rights for blacks worldwide, Pan African movement, founder of the NAACP
Term
Harriet Martineau
Definition
English,female sociologist, translated Comte's book "Positive Philosophy".
Advocate for abolition of slavery, traveled widely, and wrote analysis of social life.
Term
Jane Addams
Definition
American, won Nobel Peace Prize (1931), leader in women rights, cofounded Hull-House which helped immigrants in chicago
Term
Social Darwinism
Definition
survival of the fittest
Term
social reform
Definition
change and unrest were natual occurences
Term
positivism
Definition
belief that knowledge should be derived from scientific observation
Term
suicide study
Definition
Durkheim concluded that the more intergrated you were in society the less likely you areto commit suicide
Term
verstehen
Definition
Weber, german word that means to understand. Empathy: put yourself in someone else's shoes to understand them
Term
Proletariat
Definition
labor: a social class who does manual labor or works for wages
Term
bourgeoisie
Definition
middle class
Term
Robert Merton
Definition
distinguished between manifest and latent functions
Term
manifest functions
Definition
intended
Term
latent functions
Definition
unintended
Term
dysfunctions
Definition
According to Merton, they are the undesirable consquences of any eement of society.
ex) cars=easy travel=less family time
Term
Functionalism
Definition
approach that emphasizes the contributions made by each part of society.
Term
Symbolic interactionism
Definition
focuses on the interactions among ppl. based upon mutually understood symbols
Term
symbol
Definition
anything that stands for something else and has an agreed upon meaning attached to it
Term
conflict theory
Definition
Marx, emphasizes the role of conflict, competition, and constant within society
Term
qualitative research
Definition
narrative, descriptive, and data
Term
quantitative research
Definition
numbers
Term
case study
Definition
takes place in the labatory
Term
field research
Definition
takes place in a natural setting
Term
open ended question
Definition
need detailed answers
Term
closed ended questions
Definition
yes/no answers
Term
steps in research
Definition
indentify the problem, review literature, formulate hypothesis, develop research design, survey/case study, collect data, analyze data, state findings & conclusion
Term
hypothesis
Definition
a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations
Term
population
Definition
ask all members of a large group about something
Term
survey research
Definition
survey a group and analyze the data
Term
representative survey
Definition
ask kids from each type of class
Term
participant observer
Definition
research by going undercover
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