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| Mitotic phase during which daughter chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle. |
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| Formation of new blood vessels; one mechanism by which cancer spreads. |
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| Programmed cell death involving a cascade of specific cellular events leading to death and destruction of the cell. |
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| Reproduction that requires only one parent and does not involve gametes. |
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| Reproduction that requires only one parent and does not involve gametes. |
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| Mass of cells derived from a single mutated cell that has repeatedly undergone cell division but has remained at the site of origin. |
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| Splitting of a parent cell into two daughter cells; serves as an asexual form of reproduction in bacteria. |
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| Malignant tumor whose nondifferentiated cells exhibit loss of contact inhibition, uncontrolled growth, and the ability to invade tissue and metastasize. |
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| Cell cycle regulatory enzyme that initiates apoptosis. |
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| Repeating sequence of events in eukaryotes that involves cell growth and nuclear division; consists of the stages G1, S, G2, and M. |
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| Structure across a dividing plant cell that signals the location of new plasma membranes and cell walls. |
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| Cell organelle, existing in pairs, that occurs in the centrosome and may help organize a mitotic spindle for chromosome movement during animal cell division. |
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| Constriction where sister chromatids of a chromosome are held together. |
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| Central microtubule organizing center of cells. In animal cells, it contains two centrioles. |
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| Following replication a chromosome consists of a pair of sister chromatids, each a single DNA helix, held together at the centromere. Following separation, each chromosome is a single chromatid. |
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| Network of DNA strands and associated proteins observed within a nucleus that is not dividing. |
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| Protein that cycles in quantity as the cell cycle progresses; combines with and activates the kinases that function to promote the events of the cycle. |
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| Division of the cytoplasm following mitosis or meiosis. |
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| Cell condition in which two of each type of chromosome are present. |
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| A hormone or chemical, secreted by one cell, that may stimulate or inhibit growth of another cell or cells. |
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| Cell condition in which only one of each type of chromosome is present. |
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| A group of proteins involved in forming the nucleosome structure of eukaryote chromatin. |
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| Stages of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2) during which growth and DNA synthesis occur when the nucleus is not actively dividing. |
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| An assembly of proteins that attaches to the centromere of a chromosome during mitosis. |
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| The power to threaten life; cancerous. |
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| Mitotic phase during which chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate. |
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| A disk formed during metaphase in which all of a cell's chromosomes lie in a single plane at right angles to the spindle fibers. |
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| Spread of cancer from the place of origin throughout the body; caused by the ability of cancer cells to migrate and invade tissues. |
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| Process in which a parent nucleus produces two daughter nuclei, each having the same number and kinds of chromosomes as the parent nucleus. |
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| Microtubule structure that brings about chromosomal movement during nuclear division. |
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| Region of prokaryotic cells where DNA is located; it is not bounded by a nuclear envelope. |
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| Cancer-causing gene. Oncogenes code for proteins that stimulate the cell cycle and inhibit apoptosis. |
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| Phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes are condensed but not fully aligned at the metaphase plate. |
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Definition
| Mitotic phase during which chromatin condenses so that chromosomes appear; chromosomes are scattered. |
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| Normal gene that can become an oncogene through mutation. |
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| Tumor suppressor genes whose protein interprets growth signals and nutrient availability before allowing the cell cycle to proceed. |
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| Molecule that stimulates or inhibits an event in the cell cycle. |
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| Body cell; excludes cells that undergo meiosis and become sperm or egg. |
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| Tip of the end of a chromosome that shortens with each cell division and may thereby regulate the number of times a cell can divide. |
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| Mitotic phase during which daughter cells are located at each pole. |
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| Used to create mature cells of various cell types. Also, used to learn about specialization of cells and provide cells and tissue to treat human illnesses. |
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| Cells derived from a single mutated cell that has repeatedly undergone cell division; benign tumors remain at the site of origin, while malignant tumors metastasize. |
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| Gene that codes for a protein that ordinarily suppresses the cell cycle; inactivity due to a mutation can lead to a tumor. |
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