Term
| The Behavioral Approach System |
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Definition
| Focuses on the human predisposition to seek out pleasurable goals |
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Term
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Definition
| general behavioral predispositions present in infancy and assumed to be interited |
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Term
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Definition
| Studied the biological approach and its importance to molding the human personality |
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Term
| Eysenck's three basic personality dimensions |
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Definition
- extroversion-introversion
- neuroticism
- psychoticism
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Term
| What is the basic structure in the scheme for dividing elements of personality into various units? |
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Definition
the specific response level, which consists of specific behaviors
(ie. someone who hangs out with friends often) |
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Term
| What does a group of divisions in a trait become? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does neuroticism measure? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does psychoticism measure? |
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Definition
Empathy, concern for others.
(If you score high in this dimension, you may lack concern for others.) |
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Term
Introverts or Extroverts:
Who is more sensitive to stimulation? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do many researchers describe the differences between introverts and extroverts? |
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Definition
| They measure them by their different sensitivity to stimulation rather than differences in cortical activity |
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Term
| Reinforcement sensitivity theory |
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Definition
| Describes how each human brain has a behavioral approach system (BAS) and a behavioral inhibition system. |
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Term
| Behavioral inhibition system (BIS) |
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Definition
| People with this highly active area tend to be more apprehensive and cautiously approach situations and people |
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Term
| What is the common relation found regarding BAS and BIS? |
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Definition
BAS = extroversion
BIS = neuroticism
*Note: they are related, but not the same thing |
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Term
| What was Eysenck's reason for cross-cultural consistency regarding personality? |
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Definition
| We inherit our predisposition personalities from our parents; we're born as either introverts or extroverts |
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Term
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Definition
Levels
- Emotionality - refers to the intensity of emotional reactions
- Activity - refers to a person's general level of energy
- Sociability - relates to a general tendency to affiliate and interact with others
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Term
| Explain the gender differences in temperments. |
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Definition
Girls are more likely to exhibit and effortful control temperment , meaning they focus their attention more and exercise control over impulsive urges.
Boys are more likely to use surgency temperment, where they are more sociable and active. |
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Term
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Definition
Temperment;
Inhibited and uninhibited children |
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Term
| Explain the differences between inhabited and uninhabited children. |
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Definition
Inhabited: controlled, soft personality; will shy away from new people and experiences
Uninhabited: opposite
*Both are measured by their anxiety towards novelty |
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Term
| Evolutionary Personality Theory |
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Definition
We inherited this tendency to become nervous and upset in certain situations because experiencing this anxiety has allowed humans to survive over many generations.
*Proponents use the process of natural selection |
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Term
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Definition
| Characteristically human functions that allow us to deal effectively with common human problems or needs |
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Term
| How is temperment linked to how teachers determine their student's intellect? |
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Definition
- Some temperments are more compatible with class requirements than others
- Students behavior evokes responses from teacher and peers
- Teachers sometimes misinterpret tempermental differences in students
*Temperment IS NOT linked to intelligence.
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Term
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Definition
| If learning environment and child's temperment are in sync, it creates the best possible learning scenario |
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Term
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Definition
the difference in right and left hemisphere of brain
right = movement away from emotions (disgust)
left = movement towards emotions (happiness) |
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Term
| List the three strengths of the Biological Approach |
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Definition
- it provides a bridge between the study of personality and the discipline of biology
- succeeds in identifying some realistic parameters for psychologists interested in behavior change
- advocates show strong interest in testing their ideas; thus, they have a lot of support for theories
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Term
| What is the drawback of the biological approach? |
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Definition
- No cause-and-effect relationship can be drawn
- There is no direct explanation for the evolutionary theory, thus no direct explanations.
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