Term
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Definition
| Guy that was unable to form new long term memories. His IQ and personality stayed in tact though. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thinking, manipulating and transforming information in memory |
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Term
| What are 2 names we call psychologists that study cognition? |
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Definition
-cognitive psychologists
cognitive neuropsychologists |
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Term
| why do we develop concepts? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| internal pictures or representations that help organize info |
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Term
| what are 2 ways to develop concepts? |
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Definition
-formal: by definition
-natural: by prototype |
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Term
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Definition
| thinking and behaving in ways to reach a goal |
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Term
| what are the 5 techniques we use fo problem solving? |
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Definition
-Trial and Error
-Algorithms
-Heuristics
-Insight
-Creativity |
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Term
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Definition
| (Mechanical)- try different ways till 1 works |
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Term
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Definition
| step by step procedures that guarantee a solution (can be labor intensive) |
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Term
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Definition
speedier but more error prone
-educated guess based on experience |
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Term
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Definition
| solution comes suddely and often novel (Aha! moment) |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to combine ideas ad behaviors in new ways- think outside the box |
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Term
| What are things that hurt effective problem solving? |
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Definition
-confirmation bias
-fixation
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Term
| What is Confirmation bias? |
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Definition
| tendency to search for info that supports what wealready think, ad to ignore or distort info that contradicts our beliefs |
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Term
| What are the 2 parts to Fixation? |
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Definition
-Mental set
-Functional Fixedness |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency to approach problems from only one way |
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Term
| What is functional fixedness? |
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Definition
tendency to think of things only in terms of usual functions
Ex. Mom theres no body wash |
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Term
| Who was the guy that was anti functional fixedness? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is using and misusing heuristics? |
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Definition
| 2 generally helpful shortcuts can lead the smartest into dumb decisions |
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Term
| what is representative heuristic? |
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Definition
| judging how likely something is by how well it matches the prototype |
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Term
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Definition
| when you are more confident than you are correct. Overestimating the accuracy of beliefs/judgements |
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Term
| What is the belief Perseverance Phenomenon? |
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Definition
| tendency to cling to initial conceptios even after basis they were formed on has been discredited |
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Term
True or false
Heuristics is a good way to get accurate conclusions |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 3 categories in a problem? |
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Definition
Preparation
Production
Judgment |
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Term
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Definition
| Typical, highly representative examples of a concept |
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Term
| what is meas-ends analysis? |
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Definition
| repeated testing for differeces between the desired outcome and what currently exists |
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Term
| what is divergent thinking? |
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Definition
| ability to generate unusual, yet nonetheless appropriate, responses to problems or questions |
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Term
| what is convergent thinking? |
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Definition
| ability to produce responses that are based primarily on knowledge and logic |
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Term
| What is a good tip for solving problems? |
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Definition
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