Details Title: CH. 6: Radio & CH. 8: TV Description: Mass/Media: an intro to mass media Total Flash Cards: 119 Created: 10/13/2008 18:07:05		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Journalism Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Homes with Radios Definition 99% Term Cars with Radio Definition 95% 4 out of 5 adults listen Term Listen between 6am and midnight Definition 40% Term bathrooms have radio Definition 7% Term Stations that webcast on the internet Definition 3,000 Term Heinrich Hertz Definition 1887, Wireless Breakthrough - Whiz Kid :) Term Guglielmo Marconi Definition 1890s (Wireless), Figured out how to get signals to go a distance (1st person), American Marconi Radio (great way to communicate for armed forces) Term Lee De Forest Definition Audion, 1907 (Mass Manufacture) -- called himself father of radio Term David Sarnoff Definition Radio for the People, One of the radio operators who heard the distress calls of the TItanic, on of the Earliest people that predicted that radio will be important Term Radio Act of 1912 Definition Licensing, Limited Frequencies Term DAVID SARNOFF...He's BACK! Definition General Manager of RCA, 1921 Term KDKA Pittsburgh, 1920 Definition Nation's first commercial radio station, one hour each night Term ASCAP Definition 1923, Intellectual property rights -- Disney, ASCAP -- American Society of COmposers, Authors and Publishers Blanket licensing of music broadcast over radio (one fee covers all year) Term Four Pioneers with advancing early radio broadcasting in America Definition Guglielmo Marconi, Reginald Aubrey Fessenden, Lee de Forest and David Sarnoff Term Regulation Definition Radio Act of 1927, Federal Radio Commission (FRC), Federal Communication COmmission, 1934 (EVERYTHING WIRELESS), Granted frequency licesnses Term Where do people listen Definition Other than home or auto(includes listening at work -- 25% (attractive market) In the car(includes satellite radio listening -- 22% (increasing) At home -- 53% (decreasing) Term "War of the Worlds" Definition Orson Welles, Mercury Theater (Led people to believe we were really under attack) October 30, 1939 Radio Broadcast People thought it was really happening Challenged Radio's Credibility Term Willing Suspension of Disbelief Definition not going to look fat how accurately a movie is portrayed Term David Sarnoff Definition NBC, 1926 Red and Blue Networks Created Content but he also created the devices to receive it: Radio, phonographs, TVs Term William S. Paley Definition CBS, Columbia Broadcasting System, 1929 **Prime competitors in broadcasting 25 stations Term NBC Definition becomes ABC 1943, Edward J. Noble $8 million dollar sale Term Deregulation Definition less government control, they can have a certain percentage Term OnO's Definition Owned and Operate a series of television station...Chicago, L.A., New York Term Edwin H. Armstrong Definition (Committed suicide) Look what Sarnoff Does! Sarnoff used Armstrong's invention refused to pay Armstrong... Term FM Definition Quality (Line of Sight - only goes maybe 50-70 miles in sight, Came on the Stereo earlier) Term AM Definition Vocal Range (Talk Shows, News SHows) Term Payola Scandals Definition Music producers pay DJs to get music on the air **still a prblem today Term Payola Scandals Definition Music producers pay DJs to get music on the air **This is changing now with data-mining, Itunes, Pandora radio, Internet is going to change this because it is now easier for artists to have their own sites Term How many Radio stations currently? Definition 12,000 Term Radio group Definition Company owns stations in more than one market Term Radio Combo Definition Company owns AM and FM stations in the same market Term HD Radio Definition direct digital transmission --takes much less space than analog, should be excellent quality, more channels in less space. Term Difference between a podcast and streaming media Definition Difference between a podcast--self-contained can listen to it whenever on any device (NPR does a lot of podcasts) and streaming media--have to be connected to the internet to listen to it, live media broadcast Term Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 Definition Created the corporation for public broadcasting, Nation Public Radio, 1970 NPR Term Telecommunications Act of 1996 Definition Deregulation, Removed ownership limits, allowed CROSS OWNERSHIP, prompted consolidation Term Arbitron Definition How long and what you listened to on the radio, only company doing radio ratings Term Average Quarter-hour Definition Average number of people listening for five minutes in any given fifteen minutes Term Cume Definition Estimate of the unduplicated audience Term RATINGS Definition Estimate of the percentage of the total populations listening to a particular radio station. Whether the devise is on or off, THE OLYMPICS, SUPERBOWL, Obama and McCain speeches (two of the highest rated shows in the US) all of the people that have TVs in the United States Term SHARE Definition Estimate of the percentage of the people listening to radio that are listening to a particular. (Dont on the group that has the device on) Term Difference between ratings and share Definition total number on or off Term Narrowcasting Definition Targeted Audience 18-25 -- Most Disposable Income more likely to persuade Term DBS radio or RDBS Definition Direct broadcast satellite radio -- SIRIUS and XM have joined -- ONE PROVIDER RIGHT NOW) Term New kind of Payola Definition 2005 "Promotions Package" Term Antenna diagram Definition Wright prediction -- Satellite radio see advertising supported on radio within the next two years, cheaper if you have ads. Term Average viewing per household Definition 8 hours per day (starting to change because of DVR, Internet and Itunes Term TV is blamed for Definition Decline in literacy, Rise in crime, Trivialization of politics Term TV is praised for Definition Window to the world, sense of unity in time of crisis Term TV stations in the US Definition 1600 TV stations, 75% commercial (Exist to make a profit) 25% non-commercial Term Programming Definition Programming exists to connect the largest possible number of people to advertising (NO MATTER HOW BIG THE TV SHOW IS, IF THE ADVERTISEMENTS DON'T CONNECT TO THE AUDIENCE THAN IT WON'T SURVIVE) Term Advertising Medium Definition $2 million for 30 seconds on the Super Bowl Term Philo T. Farnsworth Definition Cathode Ray Tube (TVs thicker than 3 inches, vacuum tube, being replaced today) Term RGB Definition Red Green Blue forms in light all the colors that we see***** Term Light Definition additive color Term Paint or crayon Definition subtractive colors Term Original TV in the US Definition 525 lines of pixels scanned every 30th of a second, double in HD INTERLACED, overly complex process, switch to digital TV...progressive scanning Term World War II Definition cause the world to develop multiple TV systems, none of which were compatible with each other Term NTSC Definition US developed NTSC, Asia developed a system, Europe developed a system...angry after WWI Term 1939 World's Fair Definition TVs commercial debut Franklin D. Roosevelt first president "on" TV Term NBC and CBS Definition first networks in TV WILLIAM PALEY AND DAVID SARNOFF Term Edward R. Murrow Definition Made transition to TV One of the Pioneers of radio that made the transition to TV Took on issues of the day, took on Joseph McCartney Term TV jumped from 19% to 41% audience in what year? Definition 1949 Term Edward R. Murrow Definition CBS Term David Brinkley Definition NBC (another pioneer like Murrow) "Goodnight Chet" Term Entertaining Programming Definition Quiz Shows, Variety Shows, Situation Comedies, Drama, Westerns, Detective Stories, Movies, Soap Operas, Talk Shows Term Lucille Ball Definition Lucy was the 1st person that made sure maintained programming when it was repeated Term Prime Time Definition 7pm--11pm Not in the Midwest, prime time usually ends at 10 Most viewers available, advertising revenue Term Quiz Show Scandals Definition Quiz show Craze , 1958 Term $64,000 Question Definition Many Imitations, Programming produced by the advertising sponsors themselves Term Charles Van Doren Definition Played on Twenty-One Won $129,000 Admitted he was fed the answers Ended Advertiser controlled programming Term A.C. Nielsen Definition TV Ratings Term Ratings Definition Percentage of the total number of household watching a particular television station (includes all TVs even if TV is off) Term Share Definition Percentage of households television that are WATCHING a particular television station (only TVs that are on) Term Sweeps Definition Sweeps month February, May, July and November Broadcasts showcase the best programs Term Demographics Definition Specific information on age, occupation and income of audience Term Prime Time Definition when most Tvs are on in the US Term Newton Minnow Definition CALLED TV PROGRAMMING A "VAST WASTELAND" TALKED TO THE HEADS OF THE TV INDUSTRY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF BROADCASTERS...THE LIONS DEN encouraged responsibility broadcasters are public trustees The Television Age Term National Education Television Definition 1963 Term Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 Definition corporation for public broadcasting - CPB Public Broadcast Service Sesame Street Masterpiece Theater LESS THAN 3% Federal funds and Corporate donors decline in funding Term Color TV Definition dominant by 1965 Term Apollo Definition 1968 moon broadcast Term Telstar I Definition 1st trans-Atlantic satellite TV broadcast July 10, 1962 Term Geosynchronous orbit Definition appears to stay in the same position 22,000 miles Appears to hover over the same spot 30,000 phone calls, 3 TV channels Satellite is expensive, most internet traffic travels on the fiber optic channels on the seabed in the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean Term John F. Kennedy Definition 1st TV president 1960 Nixon-Kennedy Debates Assassination coverage Appearance became important in the debates Cuban Missile Crisis -- Soviets helped Cubans build missiles Term Nixon versus the press Definition Watergate Hearings and resignation Term Ronald Reagan Definition The Great Communicator C-Span -- provided by the cable Iran-Contra Term Diana, Princess of Wales Definition Traffic death, 1997 Term Terrorist Attacks Definition World Trade Center and Pentagon, 2001 Term Live from Iraq Definition First war broadcast live, 2003 "Embedded" reporters Term O & O Definition Network owned and operated, very few Term Affiliates Definition (biggest group of stations) want the network to have very strong programming Network programming, but not network owned Term Independents Definition Superstation by getting it on satellite\ About 1/3 of commercial television stations Mostly UHF Old movies, reruns, syndicated programming Term Syndication Definition nobody else can have Oprah in that market Independently produced programming Term networks are spending lots of moeny to keep viewers Definition people watched more TV in 1975 than now Term Nascar was on ABC Definition spending tremendous amount of moeny on the cup Term Losing audience with news Definition sports have huge audience Term Home Box Office (HBO) Definition 1972 (HUGE CHANGE) first to provide satellite distribution for cable systems Term TVs impact on sports Definition athletes get paid more bcause the rights on television for sports broadcasts sky rocketed 1964 CBS paid $28 million for NFL rights 1990 cost of $3.6 billion -even higher today TV funds much of professional sports(trying to appeal to more people) Expansion to cable (ESPN and others) Term Spanish-Language TV Definition HUGE MARKET Univision draws more viewers than all English language networks telenovelas Term Univision Definition draws more viewers than all English language networks Term Digital Television Definition Digital Video Recorders (DVRs) Set-top box Time-shifting Total viewer control Term HDTV Definition twice the resolution Term Forecasting the future Definition Merging telephone and cable (fiber optics) Term New York Associated Press Definition 1848 Became the Associated Press (AP) Term United Press Definition 1884 For profit news service, competed with AP Became UNited Press Intertnational (UPI) Term The Civil War and Censorship of the news Definition Government accreditation (certified, recognized) Press passes Term Matthew Brady Definition captured the Civil War, 1st photojournalist 1st national news photographer 3500 war photos Term Margaret Bourke-White Definition photojournalist Term Yellow Journalism Definition Fierce competition New York alone has 10 daily newspapers Penny Papers Grisly crime, illicit sex and large graphic photos Term Radio's influence Definition Shared audience Term Fox Movietone News Definition 1919-1960 Term Edward R. Murrow Definition The London Blitz, 1940 painting pictures with words covered important evends from 1921--1947 Radio Station news departments Maintained until format radio era Formed the foundation for Television News Term So many alternative outlets other than the internet Definition not as valuable as they used to be Term John F. Kennedy Definition Presidential Debates Inauguration Cuban missile crisis Assassination, 1963 Term Vietnam War Definition Chicago Democratic Convention, 1968 Candid War Coverage Term Watergate Definition 1973 Burglary Nixon's resignation Term Guglielmo Marconi Definition put sound on airwaves Term Vladimir Zworykin Definition turned an electronic signal into a visual image Term Rivalry between David Sarnoff (RCA) and William S. Paley (CBS) Definition central to the early history of television