Term
| Name 4 common causes of tetrology of fallot |
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Definition
1. pulmonic stenosis
2. r ventricular hypertrophy
3. aorta over-riding (aorta receives blood from both ventricles)
4. VSD |
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Term
-Blood is oxygenated
-Increase pulmonary blood flow, fully oxygenated blood is shunted back into lungs and body
- L to R shunting |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some common symptoms of acyanotic lesions |
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Definition
Sweating
Increased respiratory rate
heart failure |
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Term
| What are some problems assoc with acyanotic lesions? |
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Definition
Low PaO2 to periphery
Low systemic SV
Increased work on heart |
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Term
| This is an acyanotic lesion where one or more small opening in wall are separating the ventricles |
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Definition
| Ventricular Septal Defects |
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Term
| This is an acyanotic lesion caused by patent foramen ovale |
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Definition
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Term
| This is an acyanotic lesion often associated with down syndrome or prematurity |
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Definition
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Term
| This is an acyanotic lesion of atrioventricular canal defects or endocardial cushion defects |
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Definition
| Atrioventricular septal defects |
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Term
| This acyanotic lesion is defined as an obstruction of the left ventricular outflow as a consequence of narrowing of the aorta |
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Definition
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Term
| This involves R-L shunting, where most of the blood bypasses the lungs as is not oxygenated. Decreased arterial O2 saturation occurs. Signals increase for RBC formation - polycythemia. Increased risk for cerebrovascular insult |
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Definition
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Term
| Is tetrology of fallot a cyanotic or acyantic lesion? |
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Definition
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Term
| This cyantotic lesion is where the pulmonary valve fails to develop resulting in obstruction of blood from R side of heart to lungs |
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Definition
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Term
| This cyanotic lesion is where there is a normal separation of aorta and main pulmonary artery does not occur, both right and left ventricles empty into a single large vessel. |
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Definition
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Term
| This cyanotic lesion is where the pulmonary vein attaches to the right atrium |
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Definition
| Total anomalous pulmonary venous return |
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Term
| Seen in infants with infant respiratory distress syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
| A hyaline membrane dz caused by deficient amount of pulmonary surfactant. Characterized by airless alveoli, inelastic lungs, respiration rate >60 bpm, nasal flaring, intercostal and subcostal retractions, grunting on expiration, peripheral edema |
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Definition
| Respiratory Distress Syndrome |
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Term
| Sudden, unexpected death during sleep of an otherwise healthy infant. May be linked to respiration. |
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Definition
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Term
| Factors may cause fecal rectal sphincter ms to relax, resulting in meconium in the amniotic fluid; infant when they may aspirate amniotic fluid and meconium |
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Definition
| Meconium Apsiration syndrome |
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Term
| A chronic respiratory disorder characterized by scarring of lung tissue, thickened pulmonary arterial walls, mismatch between lung ventilation and perfusion. Persistence of respiratory symptoms after 1 month, abnormal radiographic findings, dependence on supplemental O2. Mechanical ventilation is etiologic factor |
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Definition
| Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia |
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Term
| A genetic, autosomal recessive dz affecting exocrine gland function |
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Definition
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Term
| A rare dz in which mucociliary clearance is impaired because of defective motility of cilia. |
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Definition
| Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia |
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Term
-Associated with endocardial cushion defect, VSD, ASD, Tetralogy of Fallot
-Cardiac defects and sleep apnea are more common
-Exercise throughout life span is critical |
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Definition
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Term
| Primary immunodeficiency dz, caused by deletion of chromosome 22 |
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Definition
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Term
| Vertebral defects, imperforate anus, tracheoesophageal fistula, radial and renal dysplasia |
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Definition
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Term
| Connective tissue dz that is commonly associated with aortic aneurysm and aortic/mitral insufficiency |
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Definition
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Term
-Involves deletion of chromosome 7
-Associated with supravalvular aortic stenosis and supravalvular pulmonary stenosis |
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Definition
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Term
| Pediatric conditions with decreased activity levels. Name 5 causes |
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Definition
Ms weakness
Ms tone problems
Motor planning deficits
Motor learning deficits
Medical fragility |
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Term
| Disorder caused by nonprogressive but permanent lesion of brain, occurring in utero, during birth, or immediately after birth. |
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Definition
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Term
| Term referring to various types of myelodysplasia, ranging from lack of posterior vertebral arch fusion to open spinal defects |
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Definition
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Term
| Characterized by progressive, symmetrical ms wasting |
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Definition
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Term
| A lower motor neuron condition; severe weakness, ms atrophy, contractures lead to progressive respiratory failure |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 4 components of the PT exam of the pediatric pt with cardiac and pulmonary disorders |
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Definition
1. Exam of children begins with thorough history
2. Observe the child and environment; document resting vitals and support equipment
3. Examine thorax - general shape and mobility of rib cage
4. Measurement of thoracic expansion with inhalation |
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Term
| How is strength assessed in the pediatric pt with cardiopulmonary problems |
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Definition
| Done by observation of functional movement for younger children or children with cognitive impairments. May do standardized testing like GMFM, peabody, etc |
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Term
| When choosing tests for the pediatric pt with cardiopulmonary disorders, what all should you take into consideration? |
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Definition
-Goals for testing
-Available time/space
-Age of child
-Availability of testing materials
-Estimation of child's developmental age
-Consider pt's family situation during exam (stressors) |
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Term
| What are some goals for pediatric pts with a cardiopulmonary disorder |
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Definition
-Address restrictions in rib cage mobility
-Posture
-Flexibility
-Strength
-Functional mobility
-Breathing pattern
-airway clearance
-vital signs |
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Term
| Bronchial hygiene consists of postural drainage, percussion, vibration |
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Definition
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Term
| -Pt dons a vest that contains an air bladder; generator that attaches to vest; uses air to inflate the vest, then provides high-frequency bursts of air. |
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Definition
| High-Frequency chest wall oscillation |
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Term
| Name 5 absolute contraindications for high-frequency chest wall oscillation |
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Definition
Unstable Head
Unstable Neck
Unstable Rib Cage
Back injury
Active hemorrhage |
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Term
| Name some relative contraindications for high-frequency chest wall compliance |
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Definition
-Subcutaneous emphysema
-Recent epidural spinal infusion
-Recent skin grafts
-Burns
-Open wounds
- Transvenous pacemaker
-Suspected TB
-Lung contusion
-Bronchospasm
-Compliant of chest wall pain |
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Term
| A device that provides resistance to exhalation. Pressure during exhalation splints open airways and facilitates mobility of mucus thru open airways |
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Definition
| Positive expiratory pressure |
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Term
| A forced expiratory technique |
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Definition
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