Term
| some recurring motifs in biochemistry |
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Definition
1: the use of activated carriers
2: the existence of a recurring set of activated characters in all organisms |
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Term
| why ATP is an activated carrier of phosphoryl groups |
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Definition
| because phosphoryl transfer from ATP is energetically favorable |
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Term
| a recurring motif in biochem |
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Definition
| the use of activated carriers |
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Term
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Definition
| small molecule carrying activate functional groups that can be donated to another molecule |
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Term
| examples of activated carriers |
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Definition
-ATP carries activated phosphoryl groups
-coenzyme A carries activated acyl groups
-activated carriers of electrons for fuel oxidation
-activated carriers of electrons for the synthesis of biomolecules
-an activated carrier of 2-Carbon fragments |
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Term
| many activated carriers function as... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| small organic molecules that serve as cofactors for enzymes |
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Term
| the ultimate electron acceptor in the oxidation of fuel molecules |
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Definition
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Term
| the flow of electrons from fuel molecules to O2 |
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Definition
| fuel molecules --> pyridine nucleotides or flavins --> O2 |
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Term
| an example of a pyridine nucleotide |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a pyridine nucleotide that is a major electron carrier in the oxidation of fuel molecules |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| depiction of NAD+ reduction |
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Definition
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Term
| depiction of redox rxn involving NAD+ |
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Definition
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Term
| major electron carriers in the oxidation of fuel molecules |
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Definition
| -NAD+
-FAD
these are both oxidized forms |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| depiction of redox rxn involving FAD |
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Definition
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Term
| oxidized and reduced forms of FAD/FADH2 |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| synthesizing something from precursors that are more oxidized than the products |
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Term
| most biosynthesis is this type of biosynthesis |
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Definition
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Term
| the electron donor in most biosynthesis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| key difference between NADH and NADPH |
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Definition
| NADPH contains one more phosphate group |
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Term
| key difference between the uses of NADH and NADPH |
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Definition
| NADPH used almost exclusively for reductive biosynthesis while NADH is used primarily for the generation of ATP |
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Term
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Definition
| almost exclusively for reductive biosynthesis while NADH is used primarily for the generation of ATP |
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Term
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Definition
| primarily the generation of ATP |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| why acetyl CoA has high acetyl group transfer potential |
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Definition
| because transfer of the acetyl group is exergonic (i.e., thermodynamically favorable) |
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Term
| why the kinetic stability of NADH, NADPH, FADH2, ATP, and acetyl CoA in the absence of specific catalysts is essential foor their biological function |
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Definition
| because it allows enzymes to control the flow of free energy and reducing power |
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Term
| one of the unifying motifs in biochem |
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Definition
| the existence of a recurring set of activated characters in all organisms |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| many activated carriers are derived from... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| organic molecules needed in small amounts in the diets of many higher animals |
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