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Ch 8 Study Guide
The Colonies Unite
49
Social Studies
5th Grade
04/03/2012

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Term
Ohio Valley
Definition
The region stretching along the Ohio River from the Appalachains to the Mississippi River. Claimed by both Britain and France. The British saw it as an area for trade and growth, for France it connected their lands in New France and Louisana.
Term
French and Indian War
Definition
Began in North America in 1754 and spread to Europe. Ended in 1763. Native Americans fought mainly for the French.
Term
Allaince
Definition
A formal agreement amoung groups or individuals.
Term
Benjamin Franklin
Definition
He said the colonies should unite to fight the French.
Term
George Washington
Definition
At 21 years old, he led the Virginians to a French Fort. They built Fort Necessity, which was attacked by the French and their Native American allies. This battle was the start of the French and Indian War
Term
Parliament
Definition
The lawmaking branch of the British government
Term
Edward Braddock
Definition
In 1755 he led 1,800 British troops to attack the French at Fort Duquesne. Brought George Washington along as an adviser. Was killed in the fighting.
Term
Treaty of Paris
Definition
Gave Britain most of Canada, all French lands east of the Mississippi River, and Spanish Florida. France lost nearly all of its lands in North America
Term
King George III
Definition
Britain's king-tried to end the fighting.
Term
Proclamation of 1763
Definition
a public announcement made by King George III to try and end the fighting. It said that all land west of the Appalachian Mnts belonged to Native Americans. White settlers were told to leave.
Term
Budget
Definition
A plan for spending money.
Term
Sugar Act
Definition
passed by Parliament to raise money for Britain. It taxed the sugar and molasses brought into the colonies from the West Indies. It hurt shipping businesses in the colonies.
Term
Pontiac
Definition
An Ottawa chief united groups along the Mississippi River to keep settlers out of their lands.
Term
Stamp Act
Definition
Another tax law that put a tax on many paper items in the colonies. Newspapers, legal documents, and playing cards.
Term
Mercy Otis Warren
Definition
A Massachusetts writer who disagreed with the new tax (Stamp Act)
Term
Patrick Henry
Definition
A public speaker for the Virginia House of Burgesses who told other members that Parliament did not represent the colonies. Was accused of treason, later became Virginia's governor.
Term
Treason
Definition
Being guilty of working against your own government.
Term
Congress
Definition
A formal meeting of representatives.
Term
Boycott
Definition
Refusing to buy
Term
Repeal
Definition
To take back
Term
Sons of Liberty
Definition
Male Colonists who worked against the Stamp Act. They captured British tax collectors and dumped tar and feathers on them. They also chased the tax collectors out of their towns.
Term
Daughters of Liberty
Definition
Women who took action against the Stamp Act. They spun thread and wove their own cloth.
Term
Samuel Adams
Definition
Organized the first Committee of Correspondence in Boston
Term
Committees of Correspondence
Definition
Members wrote letters to one another telling what was happening in their towns.
Term
Townsend Acts
Definition
Laws that were passes by Parliament that taxed imports that were brought into the colonies, such as glass, tea, paint, and paper.
Term
Crispus Attucks
Definition
An African American sailor, the first person killed in the fight for the colonies' freedom
Term
Boston Massacre
Definition
One of the worst fights between the colonists and the British.
Term
Monopoly
Definition
Complete control of a good or service to one person or group.
Term
Boston Tea Party
Definition
The sons of liberty boarded the British ships in Boston and threw over 300 chests of tea into the harbor.
Term
Blockade
Definition
To use warships to prevent other ships from entering or leaving a harbor.
Term
Quarter
Definition
Colonists had to give food and housing to the British soldiers
Term
Minutemen
Definition
A member of the Massachusetts colony militia who could quickly be ready to fight the British.
Term
Commander in Chief
Definition
A person who is in control of all the armed forces of a nation.
Term
Grievances
Definition
Complaints
Term
Thomas Gage
Definition
Governor of Massachusetts and a leader in the British army during the Revolutionary War.
Term
John Hancock
Definition
A leader of the Sons of Liberty in Massachusetts
Term
Paul Revere
Definition
A Massachusetts colonist who warned the Patriots that the British were marching toward Concord.
Term
Phillis Wheatley
Definition
Enslaved African woman who became a famous poet and supported the Patriots during the Revolutionary War
Term
Thomas paine
Definition
Writer during the American Revolution. His pamphlet "Common Sense" led many americans to favor independence.
Term
Thomas Jefferson
Definition
3rd president of the US, main writer of the Declaration of Independence. Was president when the US purchased Louisiana from France.
Term
Coercive/Intolerable Acts
Definition
Laws passed by Parliament to punish the Massachusetts colonists
Term
Battle of Lexington and concord
Definition
Battle was the start of the American Revolution
Term
Battle of Bunker Hill
Definition
The first major battle of the Revolutionary War
Term
Olive Branch Petition
Definition
A petition sent by Congress to King George III asking for peace
Term
Declaration of Independence
Definition
An official statement about independence sent to the king
Term
Articles of confederation
Definition
The country's first plan of government.
Term
Why did the British government want to place taxes on the colonies?
Definition
Britain needed more money to pay off the cost of the war and thought the colonists should help
Term
Why were the British unable to collect the money from the Stamp Act?
Definition
The colonists said Britain could not tax them because no one was speaking for them in Parliament. They boycotted all British goods
Term
List the Intolerable Acts
Definition
1. The port of Boston was closed
2.the massachusetts legislature was stopped from meeting.
3.The colonists had to give food and housing to all the soldiers.
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