Home > Flashcards > Anthropology > Ch 7-10

Details Title: Ch 7-10 Description: ch-7-10 Total Flash Cards: 73 Created: 11/06/2006 19:14:57	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term Conjugal Bond Definition The Bond Between a mand and a woman who are married Term Affinal Kin Definition Relatives by marriage Term Consanguineal Kin Definition Relatives by birth Term Endogamy Definition Marriage within a particular group or catagory of individuals Term exogamy Definition marraige outside the group Term Cooperation Explanation Definition forcing people outside their familial unit Term polygyny Definition man marries 2+ women at the same time Term polyandry Definition Woman marries 2+men at the same time Term Group marriage Definition marriage where several men and women have access to each other Term levirate Definition marriage custom in which a widower marries her dead husbands brother Term sororate Definition marriage custom in which widower marries his dead wifes sister Term Serial Monogamy Definition Form Of marriage where one marries or lives with a series of parters in succession (divorce) Term partilateral parallel-cousin marriage Definition marriage of a man to his uncles daughter or a woman to her uncles son Term matrilateral cross-cousin marriage Definition marriage of a man to his mothers brothers daughter or a woman to her fathers sissters son Term bride service Definition a period of time after the marriage when the groom works for the brides family Term dowry Definition payment of a womans inheritance at the time of marriage to her or her husband Term clitoridectomy Definition excision of all the external female genetalia Term family Definition a married or common-law couple with or without children, or a lone parent with dependant children Term consanguine family Definition a family unit consisting of a woman, her dependant offspring, and the womans brothers Term conjugal family Definition a family consisting of one or more men and one or more women joined by marriage and their dependant offspring Term nuclear family Definition a married or common law couple and their dependant children Term polygynous famliy Definition a man, his wives, and their dependant children Term extended family Definition a collection of nuclear families, related by ties of blood, that live together in one household Term patrilocal residence Definition the married couple livs with the husbands fathers relatives Term matrilocal residence Definition the married couple lives with the wifes relatives Term ambilocal residence Definition the married couple can live with the husband or wifes relatives Term neolocal residence Definition the married couple establishes a household apart from their relatives Term avunculocal residence Definition the married couple lives with the husbands uncle Term sororal polygyny Definition a man marries 2+ women who are sisters Term fraternal polyandry Definition a woman marries 2+ men who are brothers Term kinship Definition the people we are related to through blood( consanguineal and affinal) ex. Aunt, and uncle Term fictive kinship Definition friends who are not biologically realted but are considered kin Term descent group Definition a publicly recognized social entity requiring lineal descent from a real or mythical common ancestor Term unilineal descent Definition descent through either the mothers or fathers line Term double descent Definition traces descent matrilineally for some matters and patrilineally for others Term ambilineal descent Definition choice of matrilineal or patrilineal descent Term lineage Definition a corporate descent group where members can trace a common ancestor Term fission Definition the splitting of a descent group Term clan Definition a non corporate descent group whose members assume a common ancestor Term totemism Definition beleif that people are related to plants, animals, or other natural objects, due to descent from a comman ancestral spirit Term phratry Definition a descent group made up of 2+ clans Term kindred Definition a group of casanguinal kin linked by their relationship to a living individual Term eskimo system Definition a kinship terminology system that emphasizes the nuclear family Term hawaiian sytem Definition a kindship terminology system where all members of the same sex and generation share the same term Term iroquois system Definition a kinship terminology system that emphasized unilineal descent where sibling=parallel cousins and father=fathers brother and mother=mothers sister Term crow system Definition a kinship terminology system associated with matrilineal descent like the iroquois sytem, but with generational merging on the father side Term omaha system Definition a kinship terminology system associated with patrilineal descent. the opposite of the crow system Term sudanese system Definition a kinship terminology system that has a specific name for everyone Term age grade Definition an organized catagory of people based on age Term common-interest association Definition association that result from the act of joining Term social stratification Definition institutionalized inequality resulting in differential access to power, wealth, and prestige Term wealth Definition accumulation of financial resources, material posseissions, wives, children and potential for future earning Term power Definition the ability to reach goals regardless of obstacles Term prestige Definition the social esteem other hold for an individual Term prestige Definition the social esteem other hold for an individual Term egalitarian cultures Definition groups where members have equal acess to positions and resources Term functionalist theory of stratification Definition a theory suggesting inequality is necessary to maintain complex societies Term conflict theory of stratification Definition a theory suggesting a power struggle occurs between the upper and lower levels of society Term race Definition groups of peopl caegorized based on biological and behavioral traits Term racism Definition the perception that some races are culturally inferior to others Term institutionalized racism Definition legally sanctioned racism Term social class Definition a category of individuals with equal prestige according to the system of evaluation Term achieved status Definition status an individual earns Term social class Definition a category of individuals with equal presitge according to the system of evaluation Term achieved status Definition status an individual earns Term caste Definition a form of social class where membership is determined by birth and reamains fixed for life Term ascribed status Definition status and indivudual is born into Term verbal evaluation Definition the way people iin a stratified society evaluate each other Term mobility Definition the ability to change ones social class Term closed-class systems Definition limited mobility Term open-class systems Definition lots of mobility Term gender discrimination Definition unequal access to wealth, power, and prestige based on gender Term ethnicity Definition a group of people who share a common identity history, and territory of origin