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| the smallest particle of an element that retains the individual properties of that element |
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| atoms make up___ which makes up _____ which makes up _____ |
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Definition
| element, compound, everything |
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| greek philosopher that believed that all matter was composed of tiny particles he called 'atomos' from elements. CAME UP WITH NAME FOR ATOMS, FIRST TO RECOGNIZE |
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| 2 laws helped Dalton develop atomic theory? |
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Definition
1780's Lavosisier's Law of Conservation
1799 Prousti's Law of constant composition |
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| Lavoisier's Law of conservation of Matter |
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Definition
| during chem. and physical changes, mass of reactants=mass of products |
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| Prousti's Law of Constant Compostition |
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Definition
| given compound always contains the same elements in the same proportions by mass. Ex. H2O, H2O2 |
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| Postulates of Dalton's atomic theory |
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Definition
-all matter is made of atoms. Atoms are indivisible and indestructable
-All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties and different from those atoms
-compounds are formed by a combo of two or more different kinds of atoms
-A chem. reaction is a rearrangement of atoms(nothing new) |
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| 2 of dalton's theory innacurrate |
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Definition
-atoms are not indestructable (a-bomb)
-atoms of an element can differ by # of nuetrons (isotopes) |
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| suggested the structure of atom is related to electricity- noticed some atoms attracted pieces of dust, the attraction is from static electricity |
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| if something in the world is neutral then its probably made up of |
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| equal number of positive and negative charges |
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Crookes credited for discovery:
discovered electron |
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| Becquerel and the curies studied |
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Definition
| radioactivity- b. discovered by placing U ore sample under piece of unexposed photographic film, left blurryness- atoms must be made of one or more particles |
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