Term
| the size of a memory location is typically 1 ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| a ___ is the smallest unit of storage that can store a 1 or a 0 |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of main memory? |
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Definition
| to store executing programs, or processes |
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Term
| main memory is also called ___ storage because, when the power to the computer system is turned off, it loses whatever is stored in it |
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Definition
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Term
| this subsystem executes your programs by fetching them from the RAM, one instruction at a time |
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Definition
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Term
| the speed at which a CPU can execute instructions is dictated by its ___ ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| every CPU has its own language called its ___ ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| What two parts comprise the CPU |
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Definition
| control unit, execution unit |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the control unit? |
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Definition
| to interact with the devices on the computer system via the controllers (electronic circuitry) in these devices. It also fetches a program instruction fro the main memory and decodes it to determine whether the instruction is valid |
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Term
| what is the purpose of the execution unit? |
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Definition
| executes an instruction by delivering the appropriate sequence of control signals |
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Term
| what is the purpose of the CPU? |
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Definition
| to fetch, decode and execute program instructions |
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Term
| These storage locations are used by the CPU as scratch pads |
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Definition
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Term
| what comprises a machine cycle? |
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Definition
| the fetch, decode, and execute actions within a CPU |
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Term
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Definition
| a storage place that contains all the computer systems programs and applications. |
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Term
| A disk is a ____ storage place that retains its contents even if the power to the computer is turned off |
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Definition
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Term
| Disks are read and written in terms of ____ or ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| What is latency time for a disk? |
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Definition
| it is dictated by the speed at which the drive can spin in rotations per minute |
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Term
| what is the seek time for a disk? |
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Definition
| is governed by the speed at which the head can move(laterally). |
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Term
| A typical disk drive has a latency time in ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| a set of parallel wires used to carry information in the form of bits from subsystem in a computer to another |
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Definition
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Term
| a system bus consists of what three types of buses? |
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Definition
| data bus, address bus, and control bus |
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Term
| used to carry data from on subsystem to another |
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Definition
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Term
| carries the address of a main memory location that has to be written to or read from |
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Definition
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Term
| carries the control information, such as read or write instructions from the CPU to the main memory |
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Definition
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Term
| reads the application from the disk and loads it into the main memory when the user types a command and hits |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the sequence of events that take place when you type a command line and press before the command executes. Be precise. |
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Definition
1. loader program reads the application from disk and loads it into main memory when the user types a command and hits
2. It sets the control state of the CPU so that it knows the location of the program's first instruction.
3. The control unit then fetches the first instruction and decodes it to determine if it valid
4. If valid, the control unit it is given to the execution unit,which executes the instruction |
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Term
| What comprises the architecture of the UNIX operating system? |
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Definition
- application user interface
- application programming interface
- the kernel
- device drivers
- hardware |
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Term
| what comprises the application user interface? |
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Definition
| compilers, word processors, spreadsheets, ftp, telnet, Web browser, etc |
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Term
| what comprises the application programming interface? |
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Definition
| language libraries and system call interfaces (entry point to kernel) |
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Term
| What is an operating system kernel? |
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Definition
| the UNIX kernel is the actual operating system that interfaces between the user via language libraries and system call interfaces and the hardware via device drivers. |
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Term
| What are the primary tasks performed by the UNIX kernel? |
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Definition
a. process management
b. file management
c. disk management
d. primary and secondary storage management
e. interprocess communication |
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Term
| How can you tell which shell is running by default? |
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Definition
| At the command prompt type 'echo $SHELL' |
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Term
| what is the command that displays a list of environment variables and their current settings? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the purpose of the device driver layer? |
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Definition
| to allow the kernel to interact with various hardware devices such as disk drive, keyboard, mouse, and display |
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Term
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Definition
| a temporary channel that resides in main memory and is created by the kernel on behalf of the parent process |
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Term
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Definition
| a permanent connection channel that resides on the disk and can be used for IPC by two or more related or unrelated processes that are running on the same computer. |
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Term
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Definition
| a temporary channel that allows two or more processes in a network to communicate |
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Term
| what is the process address space? |
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Definition
| the space allocated to a process in the memory for its execution |
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Term
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Definition
| when the kernel is deciding which request to serve next when multiple requests arrive for the same disk |
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Term
| what is the system call interface |
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Definition
| entry points into the kernel code so that users processes can invoke the execution of kernel code. |
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Term
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Definition
| a set of prewritten and pretested functions available to programmers for use with the software they develop. |
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Term
| You can connect to a UNIX operating system in what three basic ways? |
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Definition
1. local are connection
2. Internet connection
3. Stand-alone connection |
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Term
| you identify yourself to a UNIX system by typing in a valid ___ and ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| to set an environment variable for all subsequent sessions, you must edit the ___ ___ for the shell you are running by using a text editor |
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Definition
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