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| starts with a theory and from that one finds data and reformulates conclusions |
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| starts with data and from that one makes a theory from it |
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| a tentative statement of the relationship between two or more concepts |
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| all members of a study group have and equal chance of selection |
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| a representative subset of the population |
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| participants chosen on the basis of specific characteristics |
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| snapshot of a situation which gives a researcher instant results |
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| ongoing study that can show in depth patterns and trends in a society or group of people |
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| how accurate a research instrument measures |
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| how consistent a research instrument is with its results |
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analyzing data that has already been collected
disadvantage: hard to customize |
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observing people in their naturally occurring environments
simple observation vs participant observation |
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| researchers live in a more exotic location to do an in depth study over a longer period of time |
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| changes in a subject's behavior are caused by the researcher's presence or by the subject's awareness of being studied |
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secretly studied homosexuals and found patterns in their occupations, home lives, ext
concluded that most research needs to remain anonymous |
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| even researchers cant get back in touch with subject |
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