Term
| What were the two opposing forces expressed in nineteenth century design and art? |
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Definition
| Progression to the future vs. Retreat to the past |
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Term
What are three of the determinants of nineteenth century design? |
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Definition
New age of British expansion Increase in communication Technological invention |
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Term
| How long was the reign of Queen Victoria? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were the designers that defined Empire Style? |
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Definition
| Charles Percier and Pierre-Fracois-Leonard Fontaine |
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Term
| What did Empire Style share in common with Directoire Style (1795-1799)? |
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Definition
| increased elaboration in the use of fabric |
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Term
| What are the dates corresponding with the Regency Period in Britain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the characteristics of the Bledermier style in Austria? |
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Definition
| clumsy, charming, or both. furniture was in cluster groups. refreshingly simple and used plants. |
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Term
| How is the reformed Gothic Style different from the earlier Gothic Revival Style? |
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Definition
Reformed: simply cut oak carvings, wool wall coverings in muted colors, simplicity Revival: rich ornament, bright paper wall coverings in patterns |
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Term
| What are the characteristics of Romanesque Revival? |
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Definition
| A style of spare ornament, large masonry expanses, round headed arches, and barrel vaults. Interiors used wainscoating, stained glass, and decorative tiles. |
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Term
| What are the two nineteenth century styles that were considered independent, original, and pure? |
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Definition
Arts & Crafts Movement Art Nouveau |
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Term
| What is considered William Morris' greatest contribution to art and design? |
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Definition
| skillful flat patterns, usually floral |
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Term
| How was the American Arts & Crafts Movement different from British Arts & Crafts Movement? |
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Definition
British: focused on richly detailed Gothic style. medieval themed wallpaper, pottery, intricate and realistic. Expensive... limited to upper class. American: drew inspiration from materials, rich woods and earth tones, furniture and architecture made with machines lowering the cost. available to "the people" |
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Term
| How philosophically different was Art Nouveau from Arts and Crafts? |
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Definition
| Arts & Crafts centered itself in morality, social issues, craft guilds and evils of mechanization. Art Nouveau was purely visual. |
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Term
| What are the three nineteenth century innovations that drastically changed life indoors? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the new building types that presented designers with new challenges? |
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Definition
Office Towers Railroad Stations Department Stores Hotels |
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Term
| What were two advances in wood furnishings? |
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Definition
| Improvements in bending and laminating wood |
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Term
| What prompted the development for all upholstered furniture? |
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Definition
| The new construction of steel springs required greater depth and more padding. |
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Term
| T/F: The Gothic Style never really disappeared from Europe. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: The earliest proponents of Egyptian Revival was French. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Art Nouveau was primarily French |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| hard paste porcelain marked by its smooth, white, often unglazed surface |
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Term
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Definition
| a name given to much of the glass produced by Louis Comfort Tiffany, signature being the iridescence made by mixing colors while the glass is still hot |
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Term
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Definition
| durable floor made of linseed oil and flax, invented in England in 1864 by Fredrick Walton. Latin origin- linum=flax, oelum=oil |
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Term
| Why is Elsie de Wolfe a significant figure in design? What was her philosophy with respect to interior design? |
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Definition
| She turned Interior Design into a profession. Her philosophy was "Simplicity, Suitability, and Proportion" |
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Term
What were Le Corbusier's 5 points of architecture? |
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Definition
columns for raised building roof garden free plan horizontal strip window free facade |
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Term
| What are some of the characteristics of Art Deco and what influenced it? |
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Definition
| Art Deco used plant forms interpretted geometrically, stronger colors, exotic materials, exhuberent and decorative. Influenced by Louis XVI and Empire Periods. |
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Term
| Why is Jacques-Emile Ruhlmann's approach to design considered an anamoly in 20th Century design? |
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Definition
| He continued 18th century french design |
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Term
How were the designs of Louis Kahn different from Write, van der Rohe, and Le Corbusier? |
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Definition
| He had new considerations such as division between servers and served, and a search for "what a material wants to be" |
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Term
| What was the manifesto of Gruppo 7? |
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Definition
| a need for rational building types, denounced individualism, sympathized with a new era of facism. |
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Term
| What were some reactions to Modernism in the second half of the twentieth century? |
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Definition
| Brutalism, Post Modernism, and Pop |
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Term
| In the 20th century magazines were a chief source of disseminating ideas about interior design. What are some other ways new ideas about design were presented to the public? |
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Definition
| newspaper, books, movies, tv, stores |
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Term
| What was the role of the department store in the development of design trends? |
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Definition
In addition to being a purveyor of goods, they acted as an exhibitor and even a trend setter. |
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Term
What are the three broad catergories of lighting effects? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Carlton Room Divider 1917- Italian Modernism - By Ettore Sottsass -plastic laminate on wood -part of the memphis collection |
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Term
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Definition
Tulip Chair 1957 -by Eerosaarinens -designed for Hans Knoll -Molded plastic shell with aluminum base -displayed structural brava |
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Term
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Definition
Action Office 1964- Art Deco/Modern -by George Nelson -designed for Herman Miller -revolutionized office furniture design |
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Term
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Definition
LCW Lounge Chair 1946 -by charles and ray eames -made of molded and bent birch plywood -later to be called the chair of the century -manufactured later by herman miller |
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Term
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Definition
Wasilly Chair 1925 -by marcel bruer -tubular steel and leather -inspired by the handels of a bicycle -named after painter Wasilly Kandinsky |
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Definition
Lecture Hall Interior 1933-35 -by alvar aalto -located in the Viipuri Public Library -ceiling designed to help reflect the speakers voice |
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Term
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Definition
Smith House Interior 1967- Minimalism -by Richard Meier -located in Rowayton, CT -included moveable and builtin furniture |
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Term
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Definition
Glass House 1949- Modernism -by Phillip Johnson -located in New Caanan, CT -furnished by Mies van der Rohe |
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Definition
Kaufman House 1946- Modernism -by Richard Neutra -located in Palm Springs, CA -designed for Edgar Kaufman |
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Term
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Definition
Barcelona Pavilion 1929 -by Mies van der Rohe -sculpture by george kolbe -furniture also by Mies |
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Definition
Trelis Room 1907 -by elsie de wolfe -influenced modernism -located at the colony club in NYC -considered a breakthrough as an interior designer designed a public space |
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Term
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Definition
Sussex Chair 1865- Arts & Crafts -by Phillip Webb -designed for english county of sussex -ebonized wood with rush seat |
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Term
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Definition
Glasgow Library 1895- influenced by Art Nouveau -by charles rennie Mackintosh -the school was built in sections between 1896 and 1909 -he also designed furniture and lighting fixtures in library |
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Term
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Definition
Skylit Foyer at Van Eetvelde House 1894-Art Nouveau -by Victor Horta -located in Brussels, Belgium -mosaic floor patters, walls and ceilings were designed to reflect the organic theme |
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Term
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Definition
Penn Academy of Fine Arts 1896- Gothic Revival -by Frank Furness -Located in Philadelphia -Variety of styles: gothic revival, greek, and byzantine |
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Term
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Definition
Breakfast Room at sir John Soanes House 1812-13 Regency Style -by Sir John Soane -located in London -his work has been widely copied |
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Definition
Josephines Bedroom at Malmaison 1810- Empire Style -by Percier and Fontaine -funiture by Jacob Desmalter and Brennais -designed to represent interior of roman emperors military tent |
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