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ch 18
vocablury terms
23
Biology
9th Grade
11/01/2017

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Term
taxonomy
Definition
Discipline of classifying organisms and assigning each organism a universally accepted name.
Term
binomial nomenclature
Definition
Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name.
Term
genus
Definition
Group of closely related species, first part of the scientific name in binomial nomenclature.
Term
taxon
Definition
Group or level of organization into which organisms are classified.
Term
family
Definition
Group of genera that share many characteristics.
Term
order
Definition
Group of similar families.
Term
class
Definition
Group of similar orders.
Term
phylum
Definition
group of closely related classes.
Term
kingdom
Definition
Largest taxonomic group, consisting of closely related phyla.
Term
evolutionary classification
Definition
Method of grouping organisms together according to their evolutionary history.
Term
derived character
Definition
Characteristic that appears in recent parts of a lineage, but not in its older members.
Term
cladogram
Definition
Diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms.
Term
molecular clock
Definition
Model that uses DNA comparisons to estimate the length of time that two species have been evolving independently.
Term
domain
Definition
Most inclusive taxonomic category; larger than a Kindgom.
Term
bacteria
Definition
Domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls containing peptidoglycans.
Term
Eubacteria
Definition
Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan.
Term
Archaea
Definition
Domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls that do not contain peptidogylcan.
Term
Archaebacteria
Definition
Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan.
Term
Eukarya
Definition
Definition 19
Domain of all organisms whose cells have nuceli, including protists, plants, fungi, and animals.
Term
Protista
Definition
Kingdom composed of eukaryotes that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungus.
Term
Fungi
Definition
Kingdom composed of heterotrophs; many obtain energy and nutrients from dead organic matter.
Term
Plantae
Definition
Kingdom of multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs that have cell walls containing cellulose.
Term
Animalia
Definition
Kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells do not have cell walls.
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