Term
| Tissues and organs are made up of cells and... |
|
Definition
Nerve
Muscle
Blood
Lymphoid
Epithelial
Connective |
|
|
Term
| Cells don't exist alone, they have.... |
|
Definition
| extracelluilar and cell to cell interactions. |
|
|
Term
Epithelial tissues
Made up in _____
Polar -________
Apical-
Basolateral-
Differences in membranes are important for function |
|
Definition
-sheets
-two different sides
-the surface of the plasma membrane that faces the lumen.
-the side that faces away from the lumen |
|
|
Term
| The tissue of the gut is important for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Molecules taken through the cell - |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Molecules that pass between the cells - |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cells in tissues
Form a ________ barrier
allows the movement of ....
How? |
|
Definition
selective permeability, some molecules and not the movement of others
Cell junctions |
|
|
Term
Classification of cell junctions
Occuluding junctions |
|
Definition
1) Tight junctions (Vert)
2) Seperate junctions (mostly inverts) |
|
|
Term
Anchoring Junctions
Actin Filament attachment sites |
|
Definition
1) Cell to cell junctions (adherens junctions)
2) Cell to Matrix Junctions (focal adhesions) |
|
|
Term
Anchoring Junctions
Intermediate filaments attachment sites |
|
Definition
1) Cell to cell junctions (desmosomes)
2) Cell to Matrix junctions (hemidesmosomes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) gap junctions
2) Chemical synapses
3) plasmodesmata (plants) |
|
|
Term
Occluding Junctions
What does their name tell you? |
|
Definition
| they occlude the movement of most molecules between cells |
|
|
Term
Tight junctions
Keep ______ from crossing between cells
Keep ________ membrane proteins in their correct location |
|
Definition
| macromolecules, apical and basolateral |
|
|
Term
Proteins of tight junctions
______-integral tm protein
______ proteins - peripheral intracellular protein |
|
Definition
Claudins and Occludins,
ZO (zona occludens) |
|
|
Term
ZO are
____ ____ ____ proteins- |
|
Definition
-Intracellular peripheral membrane
-Bind to actin cytoskeleton and TJ proteins |
|
|
Term
| Anchoring Junctions functions |
|
Definition
anchor the cells to one another and to the extracellular matrix
Cell-cell
Cell-ECM |
|
|
Term
4 types of Anchoring Junctions
2 that are cell-cell |
|
Definition
Adherins junctions
Desmosomes |
|
|
Term
Adherens junctions and desmosomes
Function-
Use proteins called ____
These proteins connect to cytoskeleton proteins via ______ |
|
Definition
-Connect cells to one another
cadherins
-intracellular anchor proteins |
|
|
Term
Adherins Junctions
Cadherin - |
|
Definition
| transmembrane proteins that interact with one another |
|
|
Term
Adherins Junctions
Catenins- |
|
Definition
| bind to cadherin and to actin filaments |
|
|
Term
Desmosomes - linked to
Look like little rivets holding cell together because _____ |
|
Definition
Intermediate Filaments
they provide strength |
|
|
Term
What are the other two anchoring junctions?
Don’t bind cell to cell, but instead cell to ______
Transmembrane proteins - |
|
Definition
-Focal adhesions and hemi-desmosomes
-extracellular matrix (ECM)
-integrins |
|
|
Term
Focal adhesions - anchor to
Hemidesmosomes - anchor to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Integrin is made up of __ and ___ Subunits |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Communication Junctions
... to pass from one cell to the next
What kind? |
|
Definition
Allow chemical or electrical signals
Gap Junctions |
|
|
Term
Gap Junction Proteins
Differ in different tissues (___)
Called ____
_______ proteins that assemble into aqueous channel (__________)
Allow _______ to pass |
|
Definition
-16
-connexins
-4 pass transmembrane
-need 6 to make one channel on one cell
-small molecules |
|
|
Term
Importance of gap junctions
What small molecules pass -
Electrical coupling -
Regulated by ____ - ____ |
|
Definition
-nucleotides, monosaccharides, amino acids etc… sharing is good
- allows for fast responses and synchronizes actions quickly (heart)
-pH and Calcium |
|
|
